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Med surge Exam #5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rhabdomyolysis | Releases myoglobin and potassium, elevated CK and potassium can cause Hyperkalemia |
| Volkmann contracture | Untreated compartment syndrome, permanent muscle shortening, stiffness, disability, osteomyelitis elevated ESR due to inflammation, elevated WBC due to infection, maintain sterile field |
| Osteoporosis | Exercise as an intervention to rebuild new bone. |
| Hyperparathyroidism | Leads to calcium deficiency, alcohol decreases bone formation, Increased risk for falls, inhibits calcium and vitamin D |
| Vertebral Compression | Decreases lung capacity and expansion, weaker coughing ability, and difficulty clearing secretions |
| Dexa Scan | Bone scan increased ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) can indicate osteoporosis |
| Crepitus | air getting under the tissues |
| Avascular Necrosis | Death of bone tissue, due to loss of bone supply, Risk of total joint arthroplasty |
| Prophylactic antibiotic | Antibiotic to prevent infection. ex. amoxicillin before a dental procedure |
| Stage 1 pressure Injury | area of erythema blanching within area |
| Thermal Injury | amputations-extreme, burns from heat/eletrical burns |
| S/s of Cancer during a health screen | Change in bowel/bladder habits, A sore throat that doesn't heal, unusual bleeding, Thickening or lump, Indigestion or difficult swallowing Obvious change in mole, Nagging cough |
| What is a pt most at risk of during the nadir period | Infection |
| s/s of malignant melanoma | ABCDE of skin cancer: asymmetry, irregular borders, colors changing, Diameter>5mm/ or discharge, evolving changes. |
| If a client is hospitalized during chemotherapy, what isolation would you expect the doctor to order | What is private room with protective precautions positive airflow. |
| What are nursing interventions for a pt with total hip arthroplasty ? | What us maintain hip abduction, avoid hyperflexion, do not roll onto operated side |
| What are s/s of Neurovascular compromise? | 6 P's Pain, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pulselessness ,Poikilothermia, pallor |
| Osteomyelitis is a bone infection How is it treated? | The wound dressing is done with sterile technique, and the client must take antibiotics for a prolonged period of time |
| If a pt has thrombocytopenia and a hgb that is decreased, what orders could you anticipate from the doctor? | What is a fecal occult test, a urine test for occult blood, gastroccult test |
| Nursing interventions for thrombocytopenia | Water pick, soft bristle toothbrush, electric toothbrush, avoid NSAIDS, no contact sports/sex, water-based lip moisturizer, avoid IM injections, cluster lab draws, gentle noose blowing, stool softeners to avoid straining, apply pressure to puncture sites |
| Adverse effects of Ibuprofen | GI bleeds/ulcers and tinnitus. |
| Chemo causes myelosuppression- What is a client receiving chemo at risk of? | Bleeding (thrombocytopenia) Infections (neutropenia), and anemia (low RBC) |
| What medication should pt's with gout avoid | What is ASA and diuretics. ASA can block Uric acid excretion, and diuretics can reduce the kidneys' ability to excrete Uric and makes the remaining fluid more concentrated. |
| What is Mesna/Mesnex | Is a Cytoprotective agent given to protect the client's bladder against potential damaging effects of Cyclophosphamide or Cytoxan |
| what is Tamoxifen citrate | A hormonal treatment that helps to prevent breast cancer occurrence and or recurrence. By blocking estrogen activity in breast tissue preventing cancer from latching onto it and spreading |
| Side effects of Tamoxifen citrate? | Hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, wight gain, N/V |
| How often should pt's take Tamoxifen? | Taken daily for 5 years |
| What is one of the first signs of Rhabdomyolysis? | Unrelieved pain. |
| how should nurses handle casts? | with the palms of the hand. |
| Pt education regarding cat scans? | check for shellfish allergy and warn pt's that they're going to feel as if they're urinating. |
| What is unique to rotator cuff injuries? | Pain is often greater at night, |
| Staging tumors? | TX= can't be evaluated, TO= no evidence of tumor T1= tumor present and the number increase as the tumor increases |
Created by:
Cartoy890