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Gross Anatomy

General Myology and Extrinsic Limb Muscles

ConceptExplanation
Muscle Function Movement (moves body or portions of body; mvmt of materials through the body including digestion), Maintains posture, Heat production
Striated marked with parallel lines, grooves, streaks, or bands
(T/F) Skeletal Muscle may attach to bone True
(T/F) Skeletal Muscle may not attach to hypodermis of skin (cutaneous muscles) False
(T/F) Skeletal Muscle may form natural openings or act as sphincters (external anal sphincter m.) True
(T/F) The strength of contraction of a skeletal muscle is not directly proportional to its cross sectional area False
(T/F) Muscles grow in size through hypertrophy of myofibers, not through the production of new myofibers True
(T/F) Muscles are not capable of contracting from 1/3 to ½ their length False
Origin less movable attachment of a muscle
Insertion more movable attachment of a muscle
Muscle belly (venter) thickest part of a muscle
Agonist (prime mover) a muscle or group of muscles that produce the characteristic movement of a particular joint
(T/F) Agonist (prime mover) muscles move in opposition to antagonist muscle/s True
Antagonist a muscle or group of muscles that oppose the action of the agonist
Motor unit muscle fibers supplied by a single neuron and its axons
(T/F) Muscles with a high number of motor units/number of muscle fibers are incapable of more precise or fine movement False
(T/F) Muscles with a high number of motor units/number of muscle fibers are usually small muscles True
(T/F) Large muscles do not usually have a low number of motor units/number of muscle fibers False
Skeletal Muscle Composition myofibers consisting of actin & myosin filaments
(T/F) Each myofiber in skeletal muscle is covered with a connective tissue layer called endomysium True
Fascicle Groups of myofibers bundled together and surrounded by a layer of connective tissue called perimysium to form a skeletal muscle
(T/F) The endomysium, perimysium & epimysium extend outward from ends of the myofibers, fascicles & muscle proper to form tendons which attach to bone via fusion with periosteum and anchoring of the tendon to the bone tissue proper with Sharpey’s fibers True
Sharpey’s fibers Bundles of strong, predominantly Type I collagen fibers that connect connective tissues—like the periosteum, tendons, and ligaments—directly to underlying bone
(T/F) The length of muscle fibers does not influence the range of joint movement False
(T/F) Muscles with long myofibers contract at a faster overall rate and produce a greater range of movement, but the strength of contraction is usually not as great True
(T/F) Muscles with short pennate fibers contract at an overall slower rate and have more limited range of movement but are capable of stronger overall contraction. True
Types of Skeletal Muscle (4 general myology) Parallel fibers, fusiform, unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate
Cutaneous muscle Superficial muscles located between the body and skin that have an attachment to the hypodermis
Platysma Covers side of face and neck, will be covered with the head
Cutaneous trunci Broad sheet-like muscle covering lateral surfaces of trunk & twitches the skin in response to mechanical stimulation (touch)
(T/F) The cutaneous trunci is not evaluated as part of an overall physical examination False
Extrinsic Limb muscles Connects the limb to the body and moves the limb in relation to the body or vice versa
Rhomboideus m. (Capitis) portion attaching to head
Cervicis cervical part attaching to neck
Created by: satya.benoit
 

 



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