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industrial rev
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Causes of Industrial Revolution? | Agricultural Revolution increased food supply and population growth |
| Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? | Great Britain |
| Why did the Industrial Revolution start in Britain? | Natural resources, capital, colonies, and labor |
| What natural resource powered early factories? | Coal |
| What invention improved textile production? | Spinning Jenny |
| Who invented the spinning jenny? | James Hargreaves |
| What invention improved weaving? | Power Loom |
| What invention improved transportation? | Steam Engine |
| Who improved the steam engine? | James Watt |
| What is industrialization? | Shift from hand production to machine production |
| What is urbanization? | Movement of people from rural areas to cities |
| Why did people move to cities? | Factory jobs |
| What is a factory? | Building where goods are made by machines |
| What was the putting-out system? | Goods made by hand at home |
| What replaced the putting-out system? | Factory system |
| What is capitalism? | Economic system based on private ownership and profit |
| Who is associated with capitalism? | Adam Smith |
| What book supported capitalism? | The Wealth of Nations |
| What is laissez-faire? | Government should not interfere in business |
| What is socialism? | Public ownership of resources and industry |
| Who is associated with socialism? | Karl Marx |
| What book did Marx write? | The Communist Manifesto |
| What is communism? | Classless society with shared ownership |
| What is mass production? | Making large amounts of goods quickly |
| What was one positive impact of industrialization? | Cheaper goods |
| What was another positive impact of industrialization? | More jobs |
| What was another positive impact of industrialization? | Improved transportation |
| What was a negative impact of industrialization? | Poor working conditions |
| What was a negative impact of industrialization? | Child labor |
| What was a negative impact of industrialization? | Pollution |
| How long were factory workdays often? | 12–16 hours |
| Who worked in factories besides men? | Women and children |
| What is a labor union? | Organization of workers seeking better conditions |
| Why were labor unions formed? | To improve wages and working conditions |
| What is a strike? | Workers refusing to work |
| What social class grew during industrialization? | Middle class |
| What social class worked in factories? | Working class |
| What is a tenement? | Crowded apartment building |
| What was life like in industrial cities? | Crowded and unsanitary |
| What transportation used steam power? | Railroads |
| How did railroads help industrialization? | Moved goods and people faster |
| What is mechanization? | Replacing human labor with machines |
| What was the Agricultural Revolution? | New farming methods increased food production |
| How did industrialization affect population? | Population increased rapidly |
| What was the main source of factory power before electricity? | Steam power |
| How did industrialization affect global trade? | Increased production and trade |
| What was imperialism's connection to industrialization? | Nations sought raw materials and markets |
| What is a raw material? | Natural resource used to make products |
| What was the Second Industrial Revolution? | New technologies like steel, oil, and electricity |
| What invention improved communication? | Telegraph |
| Who invented the telephone? | Alexander Graham Bell |
| What invention spread light to homes and factories? | Light bulb |
| Who is associated with the light bulb? | Thomas Edison |
| What was the overall impact of the Industrial Revolution? | Changed economies, societies, and daily life worldwide |