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Social Studies Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Martin Luther | A German monk who questioned the teachings of the Catholic church and the power of the Pope the head of the Catholic church eventually leading him to start the Protestant Reformation |
| What did kings and Queens in European countries want or else? | They wanted the people of their countries to belong to the same religion that they belonged to or else they would be prosecuted or punished. |
| What is a colony? | Land under control by a foreign country |
| What was the first attempt by the English to establish a colony? | Roanoke in present day North Carolina but it was unsuccessful as since there was a shortage of food and fighting with neighboring Indians so many of the settlers sailed home |
| In 1587 When John White left to get more supplies and returned to Roanoke, what did he see? | All the 117 settlers disappeared with only the word Croatoan on a tree |
| What did the settlers in Jamestown, Virginia do? | The settlers set up a new government worked together to help make decisions as it was a democracy or representative government where men choose representatives to the government, called burgesses. as they Met in the House of Burgesses as they made laws |
| Representative Government | The people choose other people or representative to advocate for their ideas and lives with the peoples best interest in mind |
| Magna Carta | The PEOPLE want more of a say—-- In 1215 English nobles forced King John to sign the Magna Carta, or Great Charter. This document said the King’s powers should be limited too. |
| What was the English government called and made up of? | In England, the government is called Parliament. Parliament is divided into two “houses” - the House of Lords, made up of nobles, and the elected House of Commons. |
| When did slaves come to America? | In Virginia in 1619 |
| Who lived in Plymouth, Massachuesetts and how did they get there and why ? | The Piligrims lived in Plymouth Massachuesetts in hopes of escaping religious Prosecution as they came there on the ship called the Mayflower |
| What was the Mayflower Compact? | An agreement said that they would all agree to work together to make the laws of the colony. A representative government was set up for “the general Good of the Colony" |
| What precedent did the Pilgrims make? | Religious Freedom |
| What did Ferninand Magiallen do? | He died in the Philipean Island and named the Pacific ocean( Peaceful) |
| What did Ferninand Magiallen's crew do ? | They were the first people to circumnavigate of sail around the entire world |
| Cash crop | A crop grown for making money like tobacco or cotton |
| What were the New England Colonies known for? | Their religious freedom |
| What were the Middle Colonies known for? | Their religious tolerance and diversity |
| What were the Southern colonies known for? | Large plantation farms full of slaves and fertile soil perfect for farming |
| What was the first successful English colony? | Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 by the Virginia company of London |
| What were the New England colonies? | Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island , and Connecticut |
| What were the Middle (Breadbasket) Colonies? | New York, New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania |
| What were the Southern Colonies? | Georgia, Maryland, Virginia, and North and South Carolina. |
| Captain John Smith | The person who saved Jamestown, Virginia since the English wanted to search for gold despite facing hardships like disease and hunger, so he forced them to plant crops and have good relationships with the Native Americans |
| Reason people moved to America | There were more opportunities in America such as more jobs to pay off debt, religious freedom, and good resources like land. |
| Peter Stuyvesant | The Governer of New Netherlands who surrendered it peacefully and without a fight to the English after they came with war ships |
| What happened to New Netherlands? | The Governer of New Netherlands at the time had surrendered it peacefully and without a fight after the English came with war ships and the English renamed it New York |
| Mercantilism | When a country would set up a colony for the purpose of wealth and power by using the lands resources to sell them and make goods |
| The French and Indian war | A conflict in North America between France and Britian over the land in America as the land had many resources and the resource could lead to wealth and power |
| Who did the Native Americans side with during the French and Indian war? | Both |
| Who won the French and Indian war and what were the results of the winner? | The British won the war as the war ended with the treaty of Paris and France was kicked out of owning land in North America |
| What effect did the French and Indian war have on the America's? | Great Britian started heavily taxing the America's as they believed that since they fought to keep the colonies land that they should pay for it |
| What were the causes of the American Revolutionary War? | 1. After the French and Indian war Britian was in debt and started heavily taxing the colonies 2.The colonists were being taxed like the people in Britian except they didn't have representation in Britian to express their ideas and beliefs |
| What was another cause of the revolutionary war? | 3. Most of the time the colonists ruled themselves but Great Britian would often come and make laws and taxes on the colonists and them they would just be left alone again |
| The Battle Lexington and Concord | The first battle of the war that marked the beginning of the wars as the British and the Minutemen met at Lexington and a shot was fired from one of the sides |
| "The shot heard around the world" | A saying used to describe the start of the revolutionary war at Lexington and Concord |
| The Battle of Bunker hill | A Battle mostly fought on Breed's hill that proved that it wasn't gonna be a easy Battle for the British despite the fact that the colonists were lon on ammunition |
| "Don't shoot till you see the whites of their eyes" | A quote from captain William Prescott of the colonial army during the Battle of Bunker Hill since they were low on ammunition |
| The Battle of Long island | The Americans lost and were low on morale since the British had taken over New York which was a busy port used for trading so it was essentially a siege as they cut off American supplies |
| Morale | A overall feeling |
| Siege | To surround an area and cut of the enemie's supplies |
| Minutemen | American soldiers that were willing to fight the British in a minutes call |
| The Battle of Trenton | On Christmas night while the hessians were partying and celebrating, George Washington led his troop across the frozen Delawere to suprisse attack the hessians as the army killed many hessians and the won |
| George Washington | The Father of the United States who was a brave leader and army commander |
| The Battle of Saratoga | A pivotal Battle for the Americans as the British planned to seize Albany and effectively split the colonies but the American army stopped British advances and they won the battle |
| Why was the Battle of Saratoga the turning point? | Since the Americans won they gained allies like France to help them win the war |
| The declaration of Independance | A formal document stating how that British wronged them, the right that people have that the government doesn't give people, and declared themselves a new nation from Britian and was writian after Bunker Hill and before Long Island |
| The Battle of Saratoga | The last battle of the Revolutionary war as the American troops with the help of the French army cornered General Cornwallis therefore forcing the British to surrender |
| The Treaty of Paris | The Treaty the declared the America's a New nation free from Britian |
| John Adams | The second president of the United States who faced issues like impressment but he was disliked for the Alien and Sedation acts |
| The Alien and Sedation acts | The sedations acts made it illegal to speak against or badly about the government as at the time there was a conflict with France over impressment, And the Alien acts started that a non-american citizen could be deported |
| The Article of Confederation | A previously used government outline for the states that was failing |
| The Constitutional Convention | A meeting full of representitives from every state except Rhode Island which met to scrap the Articles and create a completely new government outline unlike it originally purpose to ammend the Articles |
| The Constitution | The government outline for the United States |
| The first continental congress | A meeting full of representative from each state in response to the Intolerable acts in order to create colonial unity |
| The second continental Congress | A group of representatives that met together during the revolution to unite the colonies and organize the government |
| "Join or Die" | A political saying and cartoon that was made by Benjamin Franklin that was used to tell how it the colonies didn't unite against Britian and fight that they wouldn't win the war and they would be like a cut up snake |
| Thomas Jefferson | Our third United States president that bought the Louisianna purchase that nearly doubled the size of the United states |
| Louisianna Purchase | A piece of land bought from France for 15 million as they were fighting Britian and needed money and this purchase nearly doubled the size of the United states |
| Manifest destiny | An idea that spread across the United States that it was our destiny or purpose from God to expand the United states from coast to coast |
| The Executive Branch | Enforces the laws |
| Legislative branch | Make laws |
| Judicial branch | Interpret laws |
| Marbury vs. Madison | The Supreme Court gained the power of Judicial Review - power to review laws passed by Congress. |
| Checks and Balences | Each branch of the government has the power to check or review the power of the other branch's to make sure one branch doesn't get overpowered |
| James Madison | The main author of the Constitution and the bill of rights and the 4th president of the United states |
| The 5 rights in the 1st ammendment process: | 1. Speech 2.Press 3. Assembly 4. Pettition 5. Religion |
| Amendment | A change or addition |
| The Amendment process | A long and complicated process of revising or adding to the Constitution that was made long and complicated so that they couldn's change the Constitution for stupid reasons |
| Industrial revolution | The long process of the United States moving from making goods or product by hand to using factories and manufacturing them |
| James Monroe | Our 5th president who was most famous for his Monroe Doctorine |
| Monroe Doctorine | A policy of 1823 given by president Monroe that stated that the United States should stay out of foreign affairs |
| The War of 1812 | A war fought between America and Great Britian as the were impressing our sailors but when we stopped trade it impacted the American economy and it ended with a American victory |
| The Treaty of Ghent | The treaty that ended the war of 1812 and said that the British would leave America alone |
| Impressment | To take people and force them to work in a army, navy, or military force |
| The Battle of New Orleans | A Battle fought after the Treaty of Ghent |
| Andrew Jackson | The 7th president of the United states that won election by claiming that he was for the common man and against the wealthy while also using his fame from being a war hero in the Battle of New Orleans in 1812 |
| Popular Sovernty | The people control the government |
| "To the victor belong the spoils of the enemy" | A saying from Andrew Jackson that meant that the winner gets the glory |
| What did Andrew Jackson do when he became president? | Replaced many government officials with the people who voted for him |
| Why was Andrew Jackson disliked? | He often overstepped his power and acted like a king |
| Why did many American want the land that the Native Americans were living on? | Since the land that the Native Americans were living on was fertile and good for farming so they wanted to move them west of the Missisippi river which was thought to have non-fertile land |
| What tribe was moved despite having a Treaty with the Americans? | The Cherokee were moved despite having a treaty and the Supreme court siding with them because the Treaty was thought to be invalid and they got forced out of their homes without time to pack by soldiers |
| Indian Removal Act of 1830 | An act or law that stated that the Native American tribes had to move from their fertile land to non-fertile land that was west from the Missisippi River |
| Trail of Tears | A forced movement or Native American tribes to non-fertile land that was west of the Missisppi river so the Americans could use the land that caused death, starvation, and hardship among Native Americans as they didn't even have to pack |
| Slavery | Owning a person for work that was typically farming and not paying them or treating them like they were human |
| Tariffs | Taxes on imported goods |
| Embargo Act | A act from Thomas Jefferson that banned or outlawed all trading with foreign counties in hopes of stopping impressment but instead it damaged the United States economy that was already in debt |
| Causes of the Civil war | 1. Slavery 2. Tariffs 3. States rights |
| Why did the south believe that the states had more power than the federal government? | Since they wanted to be able to govern themseleves |
| Confederacy | When the Civil war started the states split into 2 and they confederacy was United front of America |
| Union | The southern "country" during the civil war |
| North's advantages and disadvantages | The North had more resources and people but they were fighting in Southern territory that led them to suffer more deaths |
| The Souths advantages and disadvantages | The south had less resources and people but they were fighting in the South or the land that they knew |
| The Battle of Fort Sumter | Marked the start of the civil war in Charleston, South Carolina |
| The Battle of Antietem | The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest single day in American military history and it halted the Confederate invasion of the North and gave President Abraham Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation |
| Who was the Union President? | Abraham Lincoln |
| Who was the Confederate president? | Jefferson Davis |
| Who was the general of the Confederacy? | General Robert E. Lee |
| Who was the general of the Union? | General George B. McClellan was the original general but he wasn't aggressive enough so the general that led us to victory was General Ulysses S. Grant |
| The Battle of Appottomax | Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, therefore ending the war in Virginia |
| What were the end results of the civil war? | 1. South is destoryed 2.Slavery is ended 3. The south is back in the union 4. The south lets the federal government have the most power over the states |
| What was the original purpose of the civil war vs. the new purpose? | To keep the union together and stop the south from seceding but it changed to ending slavery or abolishing slavery |
| Why did the North divide the South into section after the civil war? | To control the South and stop them from trying to secede again and to help the South rebuild after the war |
| Abolitionists | A person who wanted to abolish or get rid of something as in this case it was a person who wanted to abolish slavery |
| What is a Civil war | A conflict or war in a country |
| Secede | To leave something or in this case the union |
| Harriet Bleecher Stowe | The Author of Uncle Tom's cabin which was a book that greatly influenced the Northern colonist opinions about slavery as it talked about the hard grueling life of a slave |
| Fredrick Douglas | A slave who escaped and worked to abolish slavery |
| Border States in the Civil war | Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, and West Virginia (which joined as a Union state in 1863) states that stayed neutral even if they allowed slavery |
| Olive Branch petition | A petition or last chance for Britian that assured Britian that the colonies only wanted peace or representation in Parliament that was denied as it was seen that the had already chosen war |
| Common Sense | A phamplet that greatly influenced the colonists opinions as it provided strong reasons why it was better for the colonists to separate from Britian |
| Primary source | A first-hand account or source of a period of time or event that can include people or objects |
| Secondary source | A second hand source or account of an event or historical time period that was usually an interpretation of a first hand account and was written or made after the event |
| Artifact | 1.An object that holds meaning to a period of time 2.Can be from a historical period of time 3. Can be from an important event such as the Holocaust |
| Land Bridge | 1.A land mass that acted as a bridge as it was exposed during the ice age 2.Connected Asia and the Americas 3.Helped people immagrate over many generations |
Created by:
20210565