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Pathologies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acne | disease of the sebaceous (oil) glands and hair follicles in the skin. Marked by plugged pores, pimples cysts, and nodules on the body. |
| actinic keratosis | precancerous condition in which rough, scalu patches of skin develop, most commonly on sunexposed areas. |
| alopecia | autoimmune disease thay results in loss of hair. |
| basal cell carcinoma | common type of skin cancer that typically appears as a small shiny papule and eventually enlarges to form a whiteist border |
| bulla | large blister filled with fluid |
| callus | thickened, hardened area of skin caused by frequent pressure |
| carbuncle | very large furuncle or cluster of connected furuncle |
| cellulitiis | potentially serious bacterial skin infection marked by pain, redness, edmea, warmth, and fever |
| comedo | blackhead |
| corn | small callus that devleops on smooth, hairless skin surfaces. |
| cyst | fluid or solid-containing pouch in or under the skin |
| debubitus ulcer | area of injury and tissue death caused by unrelieved pressue that impedes circulation in the skin and underlying tissues |
| ecchymosis | discoloration of the skin, bruise |
| eczema | inflammatoey skin condition marked by red, hot, dry, scaly, cracked, and itchy skin or blisters |
| epidermoid cyst | smalll sac or pouch below the skin surface containing a thick, cheese substance; appears pale or white or yellow |
| fissure | small, cracklike beak in the skin |
| folliculitis | inflammation of hair follicles, marked by rash with small red bumps, pustules, tenderness, and itchign, common on the neck, armpit, and groin area |
| furuncle | infection of a hair follicle and nearbu tissue; also called a boil |
| impetigo | highly contagious infection of the epidermis, marked by yellow to red weeping, crusted, or pustular lesions |
| macule | flat, discolored spot on the skin, like a freckle |
| malignant melanoma | aggressive form of skin cancer that often begins as various-colored asymetrical lesions |
| melasma | development of irregular areas of darker-pigmented skin |
| papule | small raised bump, like a mole |
| paronychia | acute or chronic infection of the margins of the fingernail or toenail marked by warmth, erythema,e dma, pus, throbbing, pain, or tenderness |
| pediculosis | infestiation of head, body, or pubic lice |
| petechiae | tiny or purple hemorrhagic spots |
| psoriasis | chronic, inflammatory skin disorder makred by development of silvery-white scalu plaques |
| pustule | small, pus-filled blister |
| rosacea | chronic condition that causes flushing and redness of the face, neck, and chest |
| scabies | contagious skin disease, the itch mite |
| scales | area of skin that is excessively dry and flaky |
| sebaceous cyst | small sac or pouch filled witha. thcik fluid called sebum |
| seborrheic keratosis | benign, flat, irregularly shaped skin growths of various colors |
| squamous cell carcinoma | type of cancer that usuaulyl appears in the mouth, esophagus, bronchi, lungs, or vigana and uterine cervix, marked by firm, red nodule or scalu appearance. |
| tinea | fungal disease occuring on various parts of the body. |
| ulcer | lesion of the skin or mucous membranes, marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissues. |
| urticaria | itchy wheals on the skin that result from an allergic reaction, can be a reaction to medications |
| vesicle | clear, fluid-filled blister |
| wheal | rounded, temporary elevation in the skin, white in the center with a red-pink periphery and accompanied by itching. |
| amotrophic lateral scleosis | chronic, preogressive, degenerative neuromuscular disorder that destroyes motor neurons |
| bell palsy | form of facial paralysis |
| brain absess | collection of pus anywhere within the brain |
| cerebral palsy | group of motor-impairment sundroms caused by lesions or abnormalities of the brain arisiing in early stages of development |
| cerebrovascular accident | damage or death of brain tissue caused by interuption of blood supply; also known as a stroke |
| delirium | acute, reversible state of agitated confusion |
| encephalitiis | inflamation of the brain |
| epidural hematoma | collection of blood between the dura mater and the skill |
| gullian-barre syndrome | acute infllammatory disorder that causes rapidly progressing paralysis and sometimes sensory symptoms |
| huntington disease | hereditary, progressive, degernerative nervous disorder that leads to involuntary movements and demensia |
| meningitis | inflection and inflammation of the meninges, spinal cord, and CSF, usually caused by an infectious illness. |
| multple slerosis | disease inbolving progressive myelin degeneration, which results in loss of strength and coordination |
| neural tube defect | incomplete closure of the spinal canal, which may allow protrusion of the spinal card and meninges at birth |
| parkinson disease | Progressive, degenerative disorder that results in tremors, gait changes, and occasionally dementia. |
| peripheral neuropathy | Dysfunction of nerves that transmit information to and from the brain and spinal cord, characterized by pain, altered sensation, and muscle weakness. |
| Reye syndrome | Serious disease associated with aspirin use by children with viral illnesses, which may result in permanent brain damage or even death. |
| sciatica | Pain, numbness, weakness, or tingling that is felt from the lower back along the pathway of the sciatic nerve into the legs. |
| shingles | Unilateral painful vesicles occurring on the upper body, caused by a reactivation of the dormant herpes varicella zoster virus |
| spinal stenosis | Narrowing of an area of the spine that puts pressure on the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. |
| subdural hematoma | Collection of blood between the dura and the arachnoid layer (middle or second layer of the meninges). |
| tension headache | Non-migraine headache in which pain is felt in all or part of the head. |
| tetanus | Noncontagious acute illness caused by toxins from Clostridium tetani in an infected wound. |
| transient global amnesia (TGA) | Rare disorder, not caused by a neurological event or injury, that causes sudden, temporary loss of recent memory. |
| transient ischemic attack (TIA | Temporary strokelike symptoms caused by a brief interruption of blood supply to a part of the brain. |
| trigeminal neuralgia (TN) | Neurological disorder that causes severe, episodic facial pain along the pathway of the fifth crania |
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