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Energy Physics

TermDefinition
Fuel chemical store of energy
energy E ability to make things happen J, KJ
temperature measure average kinetic energy of particles
thermal energy measure of motion of all the particles
Heating particles individual particles do not get hotter, only move faster
energy needed to increase temperature depends on: mass, material, temperature rise
convection particles at bottom heated - gain energy, move faster, spread out less dense so rise, cooler particles sink cooler particles heated continuous cycle- convection current
electromagnetic spectrum increasing frequency and energy radio waves, microwaves, inferred, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
equilibrium (thermal) two objects are the same temperature so no heat flows between them.
Law of Conservation of Energy energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred
insulator doesn't conduct electricity or heat because they have almost no free electrons
conductor can conduct electricity and heat because it has free electrons
conduction in non-metals particles gain kinetic energy, vibrations passed through atoms
conduction in metals electrons are free/ delocalised, positively charge ions left, conduct like non-metals but faster
fossil fuels remains from sea creatures, dead animals and plant from millions of years ago, e.g. oil, coal and gas
Non-renewable cannot be reused and can run out, fossil fuels
caused on climate change produce greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and sulphe dioxide
radiation transfer of energy through waves (can travel through vacuum)
Created by: SG009
 

 



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