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Physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Identify the different forms of energy | kinetic, potential (gravitational, elastic), thermal, chemical, electrical, light, sound |
| explain energy conversion using the example of a ball dropped from a height | As it falls, stored gravitational potential energy converts into kinetic energy (motion). Upon impact, this kinetic energy changes into elastic potential energy, heat, and sound, before converting back to kinetic energy as it bounces |
| apply the law of conservation of energy to 5 different systems | electric kettle: electrical- thermal energy Solar panel: light-electric energy Loud speaker: electrical energy - kinetic energy - sound energy Electric motor: electrical - potential- kinetic energy Microphone: sound- electric energy |
| define voltage | electrical pressure that drives current: measured in volts |
| Define current | Flow of electrical charge, measured in amperes |
| define resistence | opposition to current flow, measured in ohms |
| explain field interactions between magnetic poles | magnetic filed lines travel from north pole to south pole outside the magnet. Like poles (n-n, s-s) repel, Unlike poles (n-s) attract |
| define and describe non-contact forces such as magnetism | Non-contact forces act at a distance such as gravity, magnetism and static electricity. They are invisible pushes or pulls that act on objects without requiring physical contact. |
| describe how electromagnetism works and how electricity creates magnetic fields | the physical interaction between electrically charged particles and magnetic fields. Moving electrical charges—like electrons flowing through a wire—create invisible magnetic fields |
| explain how electromagnets work | A coil of wire (solenoid) carrying current creates a magnetic field |
| describe a real world use of electromagnets and their advantages and disadvantages. | industrial lifting cranes, heavily relied upon in scrapyards and metal recycling facilities to lift, sort, and transport tons of materials pros: switchable, adjustable strength disadvantage: intense heat generation, costly, dependence on electric power |
| How does solenoids, iron cores, and coil turns affect magnet strength | The strength of this magnetic field can be drastically increased by adding more coil turns, passing more electric current, and inserting a ferromagnetic core like iron into the center. |
| identify 3 devices that use electric motors | washing machines, refrigerators, electric fans |
| parts of a simple electric motor | Armature, permanent magnets, commutator, and brushes |
| explain how magnetic fields and electric current causes motion in motors. | current in the coils creates a magnetic field- interacts with permanent magnets- force rotates coil. |
| Armature (coil of wire) | Carries current, sits between the magnets |
| permanent magnets | create the magnetic field |
| commutator (slip-ring) | reverses current direction every half-turn to keep rotation going |
| Brushes | Conduct current from the power source into the spinning commutator |
| series circuit (4) | not common in homes closed circuit unreliable wiring method failure affects all devices/bulbs |
| parallel circuit | closed circuit commonly used in homes reliable method of wiring failure does not affect all devices/bulbs |
Created by:
536629