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Med surg#3

QuestionAnswer
What are pt's with Aplastic Anemia at risk for? Thrombocytopenia(bleeding), infection, and anemia.
LPN's role post splenectomy? encourage deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, monitor for fever and infections.
What is Multiple Myleloma? A cancer that causes increased bone destruction and pathological fractures. Bones resemble Swiss cheese, fever, malaise
S/s of Multiple myeloma? Hypercalcemia, infections, pathological fractures, skeletal pain, achiness of the long bones, joint swelling and tenderness.
S/s of hemophilia? Hemarthrosis (bleeding into joints), easy bruising, petechia, and prolonged bleeding.
Nursing care for pts with Hemophilia? Triage if experiencing internal bleeding, administer cryoprecipitates, RICE.
What medication can be given to treat hemophilia? Desmopressin (injection/ nasal): can help the body produce missing clotting factors.
S/S of iron deficiency anemia? fatigue, palpitations, tachycardia, pallor, pale mucous membranes.
Pt's at risk for developing iron deficiency anemia? Stomach surgery pts, ulcer in the stomach, eating a lot of processed/packaged foods.
Foods high in Folic acid? Green leafy veggies and fortified grains.
food sources for Vitamin b12 Animal meats, eggs, dairy, tofu, cereals, soy milk.
what is DIC? Accelerated clotting that leads to hemorrhage, Secondary to a disease or trauma.
S/s of Hodgkins Lymphoma? Pruitis, SOB, fever, chills, night sweats, painless lymph nodes (unless drinking alcohol), and Reed-Sternberg cells are present
S/s of Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma" similar to Hodgkins except there is no alcohol induced pain and there are no Reed- Sternberg cells present
S/s of Hypercalcemia? Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, confusion, seizures, weakness, fatigue, kidney stones
Nursing interventions for Hypercalcemia? Increase fluids to 4L daily. And you never want the output to be less than 1500ml's daily.
Therapeutic Measures for pt's with Hodgkins Lymphoma? Radiation, Chemo, Stem cell transplant.
What vaccines would we give pt's after a Splenectomy? HIB, pneumonia, and flu
What's the normal Prothrombin Time PT or/ PT/INR 0.8-1 full second (measures the time it takes for blood to clot)
What is Luekemia? Overproduction of immature WBC's are overproduced in the bone marrow, lymph, and spleen
Diagnostic testing for Luekemia? Bone Marrow Biopsy can confirm luekemia.
S/S of Leukemia? Sudden fever, weight loss, bone pain, headaches, abnormal bleeding, petechiae, ecchymoses, infections and poor wound healing
What medication can we give to increase WBC production? Epogen
What medication can we give to increase RBC production? Nupogen
What medication can we give to increase plateletes? N Plate
Nursing care for pt with DIC? Correct underlying cause first, then do supportive treatments such as Oxygen, hydration, FFP, platelets, cryoprecipitates. And IV heparin to stop clot formation
pt education for DIC? Prepare family and pt for appearance, Assist the help of chaplain, social worker, other disciplinary team members
Nursing care for pt's with Luekemia? Radiation in conjunction with chemo and a stem cell transplant.
Complications with Hypercalcemia? Kidney failure, pneumonia, and anemia.
What is Aplastic Anemia? The Bone marrow becomes fatty and doesn't produce enough cells leading to pancytopenia (reduced number of all cells produced in the bone marrow)
S/s of Aplastic Anemia? Anemia, infection, bleeding,
Diagnostic tests for Aplastic Anemia? CBCD and a Bone Marrow Biopsy. ( pale, fibrous, fatty bone marrow).
What is Sickle Cell Anemia? A disease where the hgb is sensitive to oxygen. the hgb then sickles during deoxygenation and it results in clumping, clotting, and congestion.
S/S of Sickle cell anemia? Tissue necrosis, fever, severe pain, infarctions, severe pain in swelling in the knee, joints, and elbows, Abd pain, organ enlargement, priapism, hand/foot syndrome, Kidney failure
Diagnostic tests? Sickledex Test.
Therapeutic measures for pt's with sickle cell anemia? Sedation and Analgesics, Oxygen Therapy, warm compress, blankets, room temp, blood transfusions, large amounts of oral and I fluids, possible antibiotics, bone marrow transplant.
What med can we give pt's with sickle cell anemia? Hydroxyurea. (Decreases Sickle Cell Crises ).
Hydroxyurea considerations? Severe side effects pts requires monitoring. Women of childbearing age should be cautious because med can cause fetal defects.
Diagnostic testing for Hemophilia? ppt test.( partial prothrombin time)
Created by: Cartoy890
 

 



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