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RAD 202 Final Exam
Week 1 - 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| For a swimmer’s view, it is essential to have a cephalic angle (3-5 degrees) to better visualize C7-T1 joint space? | False. The angle is caudad. |
| For a swimmer’s view, the patient’s left arm will be elevated, and the right arm depressed at their side. | True |
| A left lateral thoracic vertebrae projection demonstrating more than 0.5 inch (1.25 cm) of space between the posterior ribs | Demonstrates rotation |
| Which spinal fracture occurs when the neck is subjected to extreme hyperextension? | Hangman’s |
| Which of the following fractures results in a comminuted vertebral body and often times results in neurological damage? | Teardrop Burst |
| It is OK to have the patient flex their hips and knees 90 degrees for an AP axial view of the sacrum. | False |
| A Scottie Dog is created when the body is rotated ______ degrees. | 45 |
| What purpose do the sacral foramina have? | transmit blood vessels and nerves |
| The sacrum has two ala, just like the pelvis. | True |
| The intervertebral foramina are formed at a 45 degree oblique, while the zygapophyseal joints are formed at a 90 degree oblique (lateral). | False |
| The liver is located primarily in the ____ of the abdomen. | RUQ |
| In a patient with esophageal varices, the veins in the wall of the proximal esophagus are dilated. | False |
| How much obliquity is required for the RAO position for the esophagus? | 35 to 40 degrees |
| Patient preparation for an adult upper GI series includes: | NPO 8 hours before the procedure. |
| Most esophagograms begin with the patient: | upright |
| Which part of the small intestine has a feathery appearance when filled with barium? | Jejunum |
| Which part of the small intestine is the shortest? | Duodenum |
| Which of the following structures is not considered part of the colon? | Rectum |
| Which part of the large intestine is located between the rectum and the descending colon? | Sigmoid colon |
| What is the term for the bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches? | Taenia coli |
| Which of the following conditions may produce the “cobblestone” or “string” sign? | Crohn’s disease |
| When are small bowel series deemed to be complete? | Once the contrast media passes the ileocecal valve |
| The average adult kidney measures ____ in length. | 4 to 5 inches |
| Which disorder is caused by pus-forming bacteria? | Pyelonephritis |
| How much obliquity should the LPO and RPO be done at? | 30 degrees |
| A radiograph taken within the first minute after contrast injection is known as a: | Nephrogram |
| An Intravenous Urogram study is a true functional study of the urinary system | True |
| An agent that increases the excretion of urine is: | Diuretic |
| The inability to void is also known as: | Retention |
| What type of reaction affects the entire body? | Systemic |
| The superior and anterior projecting bony process of the sacrum that forms part of the inlet and articulates with L5 is the: | promontory of the sacrum |
| Which specific aspect of the sacrum articulates with the ilium to form the sacroiliac joint? | auricular surface |
| What is the term for the superior aspect of the coccyx? | base |
| Why should the hips and knees be flexed for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the lumbar spine? | Both for patient comfort and to reduce the lumbar curvature |
| What type of CR angulation is required for an AP axial projection of the coccyx? | 10-degree caudad |
| Which of the following cranial bones articulates with the parietal bone? | Frontal Sphenoid Occipita |
| An average-shaped skull with a 47-degree angle between the petrous pyramids and the midsagittal plane is classified as: | Mesocephalic |
| Which one of the following technical considerations is most critical for demonstrating air and/or fluid levels within the cranium? | Erect or horizontal x-ray beam positioning |
| Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the cranium? | 2-inch superior to EAM |
| What is the only paranasal sinus not contained within a cranial bone? | Maxillary |
| Which bone is involved with a tripod fracture? | Zygomatic |
| A fracture involving the facial bones where a blow to one side causes a fracture to the opposite side is termed a ____ fracture. | Contrecoup |
| Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the facial bones? | Zygoma, midway between the EAM and the outer canthus |
| How much skull tilt and rotation are required for the oblique inferosuperior (tangential) projection for zygomatic arches? | 15 degrees |
| Why is the chin extended for an axiolateral/axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible? | To prevent superimposition upon the cervical spine |
| Which vessel is formed when the vertebral arteries join together at the base of the skull? | Basilar artery |
| Which vein drains and receives blood from the intercostal, bronchial, esophageal, and phrenic veins? | Azygos vein |
| Which of the branches of the abdominal aorta is considered the most superior? | Celiac artery |
| Which is the longest vein in the body? | Great saphenous vein |
| How long should solid food be withheld prior to angiography? | 8 hours |
| Which vessel is the preferred site for arterial puncture for most angiography? | Femoral artery |
| The contrast medium of choice for angiography is: | Nonionic water–soluble iodinated |
| What is the name of the technique commonly used to introduce a catheter into a vessel? | Seldinger |
| How is neoplastic tissue destroyed during radiofrequency ablation? | Heating the tissue |
| Which medium serves as the baseline for CT numbers? | Water |
| The ratio of the relationship between table speed and slice thickness defines: | pitch |
| Muscular structures seen on a CT image would appear: | gray |
| Another term for scout is: | Scanogram |
| ____ controls the brightness of an image within a certain range. | Window level |
| Window width controls the displayed image contrast. | True |
| The three-dimensional volume of tissue in a slice is called a voxel. | True |
| The gantry houses the x-ray tube and the detector array. | True |
| Musculoskeletal CT exams are primarily done for malformation of bone pathologies. | False |
| A detector’s main function within the CT unit is to: | measure attenuation of the transmitted beam |
| The purpose of the hysterosalpingography is to demonstrate the: | uterine cavity and the patency of the uterine tubes. |
| Where is the contrast media instilled during a myelogram? | Subarachnoid space |
| What is the range of tube angles found with DTS imaging systems? | 10° to 60° |
| Which of the following is generally true for knee arthrography? | A common nontrauma clinical indication is a Baker’s cyst. |
| What is the most common clinical indication for a postoperative (T-tube) cholangiogram? | Residual calculi |
| Which of the following best describes a "chip fracture?" | Involves an isolated bone fragment |
| The abbreviation ORIF refers to: | open reduction internal fixation |
| An arthrogram is a study of diarthodal joints and adjacent tissues. | False |
Created by:
bmairet