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Regents review

QuestionAnswer
Adaptation Trait that improves survival or reproduction.
Allele A version of a gene.
Amino Acid Building block of proteins.
Atmosphere Layer of gases around Earth.
ATP Main energy molecule used by cells.
Biodiversity Variety of living things in an ecosystem.
Biosphere All living things and their environments.
Carbon Cycle Movement of carbon through Earth systems.
Carbon Sequestration Long-term storage of carbon.
Cellular Respiration Process cells use to release energy from glucose.
Chloroplast Organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
Chromosome Structure that contains DNA and genes.
Circulatory System Transports materials throughout the body.
Common Ancestor Ancestor shared by two or more species.
Conservation Protection of organisms and ecosystems.
Consumer Organism that gets energy by eating other organisms.
Data Facts and measurements collected during an investigation.
Digestive System Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
DNA The molecule that contains genetic instructions.
Ecosystem Organisms interacting with each other and their environment.
Evidence Information used to support a claim.
Evolution Change in populations over time.
Fertilization Joining of sperm and egg.
Fertilized Egg The first cell formed after fertilization.
Food Chain Pathway of energy transfer through feeding relationships.
Gene A section of DNA that codes for a trait or protein.
Protein Synthesis (transcription & translation) Using DNA instructions to make proteins.
Genetic Diversity Differences in DNA among individuals.
Glucose Simple sugar used as a source of energy.
Graph Visual representation of data.
Habitat Natural environment where an organism lives.
Habitat Fragmentation Breaking a habitat into smaller isolated pieces.
Homeostasis Maintaining stable internal conditions.
Hormone Chemical messenger that regulates body functions.
Hydrosphere All water on Earth.
Immune System Protects the body from disease.
Inheritance Passing traits from parents to offspring.
Metabolism All chemical reactions in an organism.
Model Representation used to explain a process.
Mutation A change in DNA.
Natural Selection Individuals with helpful traits survive and reproduce more often.
Offspring The young produced by parents.
Organ System Group of organs working together.
Photosynthesis Process plants use to make glucose from sunlight.
Photosynthesis Process plants use to make food.
Population Members of the same species in one area.
Predator Organism that hunts another organism.
Prey Organism that is hunted.
Producer Organism that makes its own food.
Protein Molecule made of amino acids that performs cell functions.
Receptor Structure that detects signals.
Respiratory System Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Specialized Cell Cell adapted for a specific job.
Species Organisms that can reproduce together and produce fertile offspring.
Trait An inherited characteristic.
Variable Factor that can change in an experiment.
Adaptation Trait that improves survival or reproduction.
Allele A version of a gene.
Amino Acid Building block of proteins.
Atmosphere Layer of gases surrounding Earth.
ATP Main energy molecule used by cells.
Biodiversity Variety of living things in an ecosystem.
Biosphere All living things and their environments.
Carbon Cycle Movement of carbon through Earth systems.
Carbon Sequestration Storage of carbon in organisms or environments.
Carrying Capacity Largest population an environment can support.
Cell Basic unit of life.
Cell Differentiation Process by which cells become specialized.
Cellular Respiration Process that releases energy from glucose.
Chloroplast Organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
Chromosome Structure containing DNA and genes.
Circulatory System Transports materials through the body.
Claim Statement supported by evidence.
Codon Three-base sequence on mRNA coding for an amino acid.
Common Ancestor Shared ancestor of multiple species.
Competition Struggle between organisms for resources.
Conservation Protection and management of organisms and ecosystems.
Consumer Organism that obtains energy by eating other organisms.
Control Group Group used for comparison.
Data Facts or measurements collected during an investigation.
Dependent Variable Factor measured.
Digestion Breakdown of food into smaller molecules.
Digestive System Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
DNA The molecule that stores genetic information.
Ecosystem Organisms interacting with each other and their environment.
Endocrine System Produces hormones that regulate body functions.
Energy Ability to do work or cause change.
Enzyme Protein that speeds up chemical reactions.
Evidence Information supporting a claim.
Evolution Change in populations over time.
Excretory System Removes wastes from the body.
Extinction Permanent disappearance of a species.
Feedback Mechanism Process used to maintain homeostasis.
Fertilization Joining of sperm and egg.
Fertilized Egg (Zygote) First cell formed after fertilization.
Food Chain Sequence showing transfer of energy.
Food Web Interconnected feeding relationships.
Fossil Preserved remains or evidence of past life.
Gamete Sex cell (sperm or egg).
Gene A segment of DNA that codes for a trait or protein.
Gene Expression The process by which information in a gene is used or activated in a cell. Different cells express different genes.
Gene Frequency How common an allele is within a population.
Genetic Diversity Differences in DNA among individuals.
Genome All of an organism's DNA.
Geosphere Earth's solid materials.
Glucose Simple sugar used for energy.
Graph Visual display of data.
Habitat Natural environment where an organism lives.
Habitat Fragmentation Breaking habitats into smaller isolated pieces.
Homeostasis Maintaining stable internal conditions.
Hormone Chemical messenger.
Hydrosphere All water on Earth.
Hypothesis Testable explanation.
Immune System Protects the body from disease.
Independent Variable Factor intentionally changed.
Inheritance Passing traits from parents to offspring.
Insulin Hormone that helps regulate blood glucose.
Invasive Species Non-native species that harms ecosystems.
Investigation Scientific study used to answer a question.
Keystone Species Species with a disproportionately large effect on an ecosystem.
Meiosis Cell division producing gametes.
Metabolism All chemical reactions in an organism.
Mitochondrion Organelle where cellular respiration occurs.
Mitosis Cell division producing identical cells.
Model Representation of a biological process or system.
mRNA Messenger RNA that carries instructions from DNA.
Mutation A change in DNA sequence.
Natural Selection Individuals with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more successfully.
Nervous System Receives and responds to information.
Nucleus Cell structure containing DNA.
Nutrient Substance organisms need to survive.
Observation Information gathered using senses or tools.
Offspring Young produced by parents.
Organ Group of tissues performing a function.
Organ System Group of organs working together.
Parasitism Relationship where one organism benefits while another is harmed.
Parent Organism Organism that produces offspring.
Photosynthesis Process that uses sunlight to make glucose.
Pollination Transfer of pollen for plant reproduction.
Population Members of the same species living in one area.
Population Size Number of individuals in a population.
Predator Organism that hunts another organism.
Prey Organism hunted by a predator.
Producer Organism that makes its own food.
Protein Molecule made of amino acids that performs cellular functions.
Protein Synthesis The process of building proteins from the instructions encoded in DNA.
Reasoning Scientific explanation connecting evidence to a claim.
Receptor Structure that detects signals.
Reproduction Process of producing offspring.
Respiratory System Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Selection Pressure Environmental factor affecting survival and reproduction.
Signal Molecule Molecule used for communication between cells.
Specialized Cell Cell adapted for a specific function.
Species Organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring.
Survival Continued existence of an organism.
Symbiosis Close relationship between species.
Trait An inherited characteristic.
Transport Movement of materials within an organism.
Trophic Cascade Changes that spread through food chains when populations change.
Variable Factor that can change.
Variation Differences among individuals of a species.
Created by: user-1555134
 

 



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