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IODA4

EXTRAORAL DENTAL FILMS 2

QuestionAnswer
Extraoral Film | Film used outside the mouth to capture large areas of the skull and jaws.
Screen Film | Film that requires intensifying screens; sensitive to fluorescent light.
Intensifying Screen | Converts x‑ray energy into visible light to expose screen film.
Cassette | Light‑tight holder containing film and intensifying screens.
Rare Earth Screens | Green‑light emitting screens; require less radiation.
Calcium Tungstate Screens | Blue‑light emitting screens; require more radiation.
Panoramic Image | Shows entire dentition and supporting structures in one image.
Cephalometric Film | Used to evaluate facial growth, trauma, and orthodontic relationships.
Lateral Cephalometric Projection | Side view of skull; used for orthodontic treatment planning.
Posteroanterior (PA) Projection | Frontal skull view; detects fractures and asymmetry.
Waters Projection | Shows maxillary sinuses; used to detect sinus pathology.
Submentovertex (SMV) Projection | Shows base of skull and zygomatic arches.
Grid | Device that reduces scatter radiation and improves image contrast.
Film Fog | Unwanted film darkening caused by scatter or improper storage.
Extraoral Film Sizes | Common sizes: 5×7 in and 8×10 in.
Film Storage | Keep cool, dry, and away from radiation to prevent fogging.
Patient Positioning Errors | Cause distortion, magnification, or blurred images.
Lead Apron Use | Thyroid collar NOT used for panoramic imaging.
Exposure Factors | kVp, mA, and exposure time adjusted for patient size and film type.
Advantages of Extraoral Imaging | Covers large areas; useful for trauma and ortho.
Disadvantages of Extraoral Imaging | Less detail and more distortion than intraoral films.
Created by: user-2043858
 

 



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