Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Sociology
Exam #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Applied Sociology | Applied Sociological principles, social ideals, and ethical considerations to improve society |
| Conflict Perspective | Views society as composed of diverse groups with conflicting values and interests |
| Convergence Hypothesis | Assuming that globalization is causing different cultures to continually become more alike |
| Critical Thinking | Objectively assessing ideas, statements, and information |
| Dramaturgical Analysis | Uses the analogy of the theater to analyze social behavior |
| Globalization | the interconnectedness among people around the world; the process whereby goods, information, people, money, communication, fashion move across national boundaries |
| Feminist theory | studies, analyzes, and explains social phenomena from a gender - focused perspective |
| Ideal type | A conceptual model or typology constructed from the direct observation of a number of specific cases and representing the essential qualities found in those cases |
| labeling approach | contends that people attach various labels to certain behaviors, individuals, and groups that become part of their social identity and shape others’ attitudes about and responses to them |
| latent functions | unintended or unrecognized consequences of social institutions |
| macro-level analysis | examines broader social structures and society as a whole |
| manifest functions | anticipated or intended consequences of social institutions |
| mass media | forms of communication that transmit standardized messages to widespread audiences |
| micro-level analysis | focuses on the day-to day interactions of individuals and groups in specific social situations |
| paradigm | a set of assumptions and ideas that guide research questions, methods of analysis and interpretation and the development of theory |
| positivism | the use of observation, comparison, experimentation, and the historical method to analyze society |
| pure sociology | the study of society in an effort to understand and explain the natural laws that govern its evolution |
| social media | computer-facilitated tools that allow people to create, share, and exchange information, ideas, and pictures/videos in virtual communities and networks |
| sociological imagination | quality of mind that provides an understanding of ourselves within context of the larger society |
| sociological thinking | asking questions and questioning answers |
| sociology | the systematic and scientific study of human behavior, social groups, and society |
| structural functionalist perspective | views society as a system of interdependent and interrelated parts |
| symbolic interactionist perspective | views social meaning as arising through the process of social interaction |
| theoretical perspective | a viewpoint or particular way of looking at things |
| Jane Adams | practiced applied sociological theory to work by establishing Hull house in Chicago in 1889 to aid the poor and homeless |
| Auguste Comte | Coined the term sociology and wrote Positive Philosophy, the first systematic sociological approach to the study of society |
| William E. B. Du Bois | Earned his doctorate from Harvard. Pursued postgraduate studies under Max Weber. Considered the founder of “Afro-American Sociology” and was also one of the founders of the NACCP |
| Emile Durkheim | Believed that social solidarity, or the social bonds developed by individuals to their society, create social order. Durkheim provided a strong theoretical basis for the functionalist perspective |
| Harriet Martineau | One of the founders of sociology. She translated Comte’s work and helped establish a strong theoretical foundation for sociological research. |
| Karl Marx | Declared unequal distribution of wealth, power in society was not the result of “natural laws” but was caused by social forces, specifically the exploitation of one social class by another. His work provided the foundation for the conflict perspective. |
| George H Mead | Contributed to the symbolic interactionist perspective with his insistence that the ongoing process of social interaction and the creating, defining, and redefining of meaningful symbols makes society possible |
| C. Wright Mills | Developed the concept of the power elite. Promoted the conflict perspective for analyzing the distribution of power and authority in the United States |
| Max Weber | Insisted that sociologists should be value-free, analyzing what society is, rather than what society should be and argued that understanding the meaning of social interaction requires Verstehen, an empathetic and introspective analysis of the interaction |
| Lester F Ward | Considered the first systematic American Sociologist. Differentiated between pure sociology and applied sociology |
| Margaret Sanger | Applied sociological theories to the problems of population, health, and women’s rights |
| Herbert Spencer | Developed social Darwinism, a theoretical approach based on evolutionary doctrine. Spencer employed an organic analogy, comparing society to a living organism made up of interdependent parts |
| case studies | qualitative techniques that involve intensive observation of a particular person, group or event |
| Causation | wireless use of networks outside of desktops, laptops, and personal computers via phones and other devices, to store, manage, and process data |
| concept | an abstract idea or general thought |
| conceptual definition | defining a concept through the use of other concepts |
| content analysis | research that examines and analyzes communications |
| control group | subjects not exposed to the experimental variable in an experiment |
| correlation | a measure indicating that two variables are related in such a way that change in one is accompanied by a change in the other |
| deductive reasoning | reasoning that begins with a general understanding or theory that is then tested through the observation or study of specific situations |
| dependent variable | a variable that is changed by the independent variable |
| descriptive research | research that answers the questions, what and how |
| ethnographic interview | a qualitative technique where the researcher talks with people in an effort to learn as much as possible about them and their behavior |
| evaluation research | research that measures the effectiveness of a program |
| experimental design | a research design that attempts to discover a cause and effect relationship between two variables |
| experimental group | subjects exposed to the independent variable in an experiment |
| explanatory research | research that attempts to explain social phenomena by answering the questions what, how and why |
| exploratory research | research that attempts to answer the question what |
| Hawthorne effect | the phenomenon where subjects’ behavior is influenced by the fact that they are being studied |
| hypotheses | propositional statements about the relationships between the concepts or variables under study |
| independent variable | a variable that brings about change in another variable |
| inductive reasoning | the use of specific observations to develop a general understanding |
| intervening variables | variables that may come between the independent and dependent variables in an experiment |
| methodology | the rules and guidelines followed in sociological research |
| operational definition | a definition that specifies how a concept is measured |
| participant observation | a qualitative method in which the researcher systematically observes the people being studied while participating with them in their activities |
| population | |
| evaluation research | research that measures the effectiveness of a program |
| experimental design | a research design that attempts to discover a cause and effect relationship between two variables |
| experimental group | subjects exposed to the independent variable in an experiment |
| explanatory research | research that attempts to explain social phenomena by answering the questions what, how and why |
| exploratory research | research that attempts to answer the question what |
| Hawthorne effect | the phenomenon where subjects’ behavior is influenced by the fact that they are being studied |
| hypotheses | propositional statements about the relationships between the concepts or variables under study |
| independent variable | a variable that brings about change in another variable |
| inductive reasoning | the use of specific observations to develop a general understanding |
| intervening variables | variables that may come between the independent and dependent variables in an experiment |
| methodology | the rules and guidelines followed in sociological research |
| operational definition | a definition that specifies how a concept is measured |
| participant observation | a qualitative method in which the researcher systematically observes the people being studied while participating with them in their activities |
| population | an entire body of people to which the sociologist would like to generalize research findings |
| proposition | a statement that interrelates two or more variables |
| qualitative research design | a research design that uses systematic observation and focuses on the meanings people give to their social actions |
| quantitative research design | a research design that emphasizes the use of numbers and statistics to analyze and explain social events and behavior |
| reliability | the consistency of measurement |
| research objectives | the specific goals or purposes of a research project |
| sample | that segment of the population |
| science | knowledge based on empirical evidence gained through direct, systematic observation |
| secondary analysis | the analysis of existing data |
| standpoint theory | contends that people’s perspectives are shaped by personal experiences that help form a standpoint from which they see and interpret the world |
| survey research | research using questionnaires or interviews to obtain data |
| theory | a set of interrelated propositions, or statements, that attempt to explain some phenomenon |
| triangulation | the use of multiple techniques to gather or analyze research data |
| validity | the extent to which a technique accurately measures what it purports to measure |
| variable | a construct that represents ways in which concepts vary or differ |
Created by:
kerri1060