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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Archaeologist | people who study how humans developed lived and how they relate to one another by studying fossils artifacts and remains of past cultures |
| Artifact | weapons, tools and other items made by humans in the past |
| Sources | credibility: historians examine sources to make sure they are truthful/credible |
| Nomad | Person who regularly moves from place to place |
| Technology | Fire was the biggest innovation during the Paleolithic Era |
| Agriculture (Farming) | Farming was the biggest innovation during this Era Due to the development of agriculture, people during the Neolithic age could now live in permanent homes because farming gave them enough food to support a lot of people Nomadic herders were able to p |
| Civilization | Characteristics of organized government, cities, religion, record keeping, and job specialization Ancient Mesopotamia |
| River Valley Civilization | A community that settles and relies heavily on a river for survival Ex: Mesopotamia, Egypt ★ Mountains, deserts, and rivers are natural barriers which help protect civilizations |
| Irrigation | The watering of dry land Flooding rivers led to an increase in fertile land for farming |
| Code of Law | ★ Code - A written set of laws that apply to everyone ★ Hammurabi's Code of Law- a consistent set of laws people created to make sure future kings would treat their people fairly |
| Hammurabi | King of the city-state of Babylon |
| Cuneiform | Wedge-shaped symbols on a clay tablet Made written law possible and used to write about complex ideas |
| Pharaoh | The title used by the rulers of ancient Egypt • Hatshepsut - a woman pharaoh who ruled the longest of any other female pharaoh because she maintained peace and stability |
| Polytheism | The belief in many gods/goddesses • Deities-gods or goddesses |
| Nile River | Papyrus- a tough water plant that grew along the river. It was used to make paper, rope, baskets |
| Hieroglyphics | Writing system used in Ancient Egypt Used pictures for objects, ideas, and sounds |
| Social Class System | Egyptian society was structured like a pyramid to understand the social class system EGYPTIAN SOCIAL PYRAMID This age show hav Fruptias saciety wa staped. Wych grou fused the top twa levels of the st kert |
| River Valley | ❖ Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro: well-planned cities Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa |
| Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa | ❖ Strong central government was evident as the cities were well planned The social class system is called the Caste System |
| Confucius | → Chinese philosopher whose ideas are known as Confucianism. → He believed in strong family, loyalty and ancestor worship |
| Shi Huang Di | Tyrant ruler - didn't want to hear the views of the people |
| Silk Road | → Global trade route to exchange valuable goods and ideas |
| Fall of Han Dynasty | → Grew too large to govern territories |
| City-state | ➤ Mountainous and hilly terrain isolating/making it difficult to communicate (ex: Athens and Sparta's values differed greatly) |
| Athens | > Main focus was on education in subjects such as reading, writing and mathematics ➤ Golden Age/Age of Pericles- time of peace and prosperity ➤ Pericles - felt everyone should be interested in the government and if you didn't you shouldn't be part of |
| Sparta | > Main focus was on military and strength training Ancient Rome |
| Twelve Tables | A consistent set of laws written on bronze plaques and posted in the city's forum. |
| Pax Romana | A period of peace and prosperity for the Roman Empire New roads allowed for global trade and the exchange of ideas and goods |
| Fall of Rome | Grew too large to govern their territories |
| Justinian's Code | A consistent set of laws that included the idea that one was innocent until proven guilty |
| Architecture | The colosseum was created for entertainment purpose such as to watch gladiators fight |
| Monotheism | The belief in one God. |
| Polytheism | The belief in more than one God |
| Ten Commandments | • According to the Hebrew Bible, the laws God gave to Moses on Mount Sinai |
| Islam | Moral guidelines for the right way to live Guide for both Judaism and Christianity The religion of Muslims based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad from the city of Mecca to Medina |
| Feudalism- | Started in Europe around A.D. 800 • A system of government which was based on agreements between lords and vassals Feudalism provided security for the people in Europe by: nobles agreed to give their loyalty and military service to the king and in r |
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