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pediatric conditions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the scoring called that says a baby is adapting well outside the uterus? | apgar scoring |
| what are the routine medications after baby is out of uterus? | vit K, ophthalmic erythromycin, 1st dose of hep B, phototherapy (light therapy) for jaundice |
| what is the treatment for patent ductus arteriosus? | requires surgery/NSAIDS (IV indomethacin/ibuprofen) |
| treatment for RDS (respiratory distress syndrome) | poractant alfa (curosurf) or calfactant (intrasurf) |
| what is the treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn? | inhaled nitric oxide or sildenafil |
| If a pregnant patient comes out positive for GBS screening in meningitis, what medication do they receive? | PenG aqueous during labor to decrease risk of transmission during labor |
| what is the empiric therapy for meningitis in neonatals? | ampicillin + ceftazidime, cefepime, or gentamicin |
| what RSV medications does an infant of <8 months boring during or entering 1st RSV season receive? | nirsevimab - single IM dose |
| what is the RSV infection prophylaxis medication an infant born <29 weeks receive | palivizumab - IM once monthly |
| what are the hallmark syptoms of Croup? | inspiratory stridor (high-pitched breathing sound), barking, cough, and hoarseness |
| what is the drug treatment for croup? | dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg and nebulized racemic epinephrine in acute care setting |
| what is the preferred medication for nocturnal enuresis? | desmopressin oral tab |
| what to give a baby less than 6 months old for constipation | glycerin suppositories |
| what to give a baby >6 months for constipation | oral PEG (miralax) for intermittent constipation |
| what to give to a child over 2 years for constipation | OTC rectal enemas (sodium phosphate the fleet pedia-lax enema) |
| why do we avoid OTC teething meds containing benzocaine for a kid less than 2 years old? | for the risk of methemoglobinemia |
| what drugs do we avoid in those <12 years old? | codeine and tramadol and in those <18 years old after tonsillectomy/adenoldectomy |
| Tetracyclines are generally not recommended for kids but what is the exception? | when treating tick-borne rickettsial disease. DOC is doxycycline |