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Orchestra Final Exam
For review :)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The purpose of a clef | To point to a specific note on the staff so you can decode the rest of the notes on the staff |
| Treble Clef | The "G" clef, used for high pitch instruments |
| What instrument uses the treble clef? (in an orchestra) | The Violin |
| Bass Clef | The "F" clef, used for low pitched instruments |
| What instruments use the bass clef? (in an orchestra) | The Cello and Bass |
| Alto Clef | The "C" clef, perfectly middle range |
| What instrument uses the alto clef? (like, the only instrument... ever) | The Viola |
| What a time signature is used for | COUNTING! |
| What does the top number in a time signature represent? | How many beats per measure |
| What does the bottom number in a time signature represent? | What kind of note gets the beat (In other words, the type of note that equals one beat) |
| A whole note in 4/4 time is how many beats | 4 beats |
| A half note in 4/4 time is how many beats | 2 beats |
| A quarter note in 4/4 time is how many beats | 1 beat |
| An eighth note in 4/4 time is how many beats | 1/2 beat |
| in 4/4 time, a WHOLE note takes up | The WHOLE measure |
| in 4/4 time, a HALF note takes up | HALF of the measure |
| in 4/4 time, a QUARTER note takes up | a QUARTER of the measure |
| in 4/4 time, an EIGHTH note takes up | an EIGHTH of the measure |
| in 4/4 time, a SIXTEENTH note takes up | one SIXTEENTH of the measure |
| A dotted quarter note in 4/4 time is how many beats | 1 and 1/2 beats |
| A dotted half note in 4/4 time is how many beats | 3 beats |
| Dynamics equal... | VOLUME |
| ff is what dynamic? | Fortissimo |
| f is what dynamic? | Forte |
| Fortissimo is... | VERY loud |
| Forte is... | Loud |
| The term "Mezzo" means... | Medium |
| p is what dynamic? | Piano |
| Piano is... | Soft |
| Pianissimo is... | VERY soft |
| pp (hehe) is what dynamic? | Pianissimo |
| mf... -_- ... is what dynamic? | Mezzo Forte |
| Mezzo Forte is... | Medium LOUD |
| mp is what dynamic? | Mezzo Piano |
| Mezzo Piano is... | Medium SOFT |
| Crescendo (cresc.) means... | Gradually LOUDER |
| Decrescendo or Diminuendo (dim.) means... | Gradually SOFTER |
| Vivace, or Presto, means... | VERY fast |
| Allegro means... | Fast |
| Moderato means... | Medium FAST |
| Andante means... | Medium SLOW |
| Adagio means... | Slow |
| Largo means... | VERY slow |
| Accelerando (accel.) means to... | Gradually get FASTER |
| Rallentando (rall.) or Ritardando (rit.) means to... | Gradually get SLOWER |
| Piu Mosso means... | Play slightly FASTER |
| Meno Mosso means... | Play slightly SLOWER |
| Tempo equals... | SPEED |
| What is the difference between a slur and a tie? | A slur connects notes with different pitches, while a tie connects notes of the same pitch |
| A slur is.... | When you smoothly transfer from one note to another note, connecting them with your bow. This is in a legato manner, and it is between different pitches |
| A tie is..... | When you smoothly transfer from one note to another note, connecting them with your bow. This is in a legato manner, and it is between THE SAME PITCH! (Think that the notes are "tied" together!) |
| Dotted Rhythms add how much value to a note? | Half of the note's value |
| What is the staff? | 5 lines in which the music notes are written on |
| What are ledger lines? | Short lines added above or below the staff, used to extend the staff |
| A Double Bar Line marks.... | The END of the music |
| A sharp.... | raises a note by a half step |
| A flat..... | lowers a note by a half step |
| A natural.... | Cancels out a sharp or flat |
| Da Capo (D.C.) means.... | Go back to the BEGINNING |
| Dal Segno (D.S.) means.... | Go back to the SIGN |
| Fine means..... | The end |
| D.C. al Fine means.... | Go back to the beginning and play until the Fine |
| D.S. al Coda means.... | Go back to the sign, and play until the Coda sign (JUMP TO THE CODA!!!) |
| Staccato is.... | to play a note with short, detached bows |
| A pickup is.... | A note or notes that occur before the first full measure |
| A key signature tells a musician... | Which sharps or flats are in the scale (or key) of the piece |
| How many major key signatures are there? | 15 |
| The key of C major has.... | No sharps or flats in the key signature |
| How many sharps or flats can every major key signature, other than C major, have? | Between 1 to 7 sharps and 1 to 7 flats |
| What is the order of sharps? | F-C-G-D-A-E-B |
| What is the order of flats? | B-E-A-D-G-C-F |
| How to find a Minor Key | Find the major key, then count 3 half-steps down |
| A triplet is.... | a rhythmic pattern that divides a beat into 3 equal parts |
| How to count a triplet | 1 - la - li, OR 1 - trip - let |
| How to count a sixteenth note | 1 e + a |
| How to count eighth note & sixteenth note combinations | (1e) + a OR 1 e (+a) |
| How to count DOTTED eighth note & sixteenth note combinations | (1e+) a OR 1 (e+a) |
| Accidentals are... | Sharps, flats, or naturals that are NOT in the key signature |
| Courtesy Accidentals are.... | When a sharp, flat, or natural SYMBOL is put in front of a note, to remind the player of the correct pitch (they may or may not be enclosed in parentheses) |
| What phrase can you use to remember the order of sharps? | Father Charles Goes Down And Ends Battle |
| What phrase can you use to remember the order of flats? | Battle Ends And Down Goes Charles' Father |
| A helpful learning device to remember the order of keys in relation to the order of sharps and flats is.... | The Circle of Fifths |
| What happens when the Circle of Fifths ascends in clockwise order? | Key signatures get one degree "sharper" |
| What happens when the Circle of Fifths descends in counterclockwise order? | Key signatures get one degree "flatter" |
| How do you find what the key signature is when it has sharps? | Go up a half step from the last sharp, and that note is the name of the key |
| How do you find what the key signature is when it has flats? | The second-to-last flat is the name of the key |
| The first sharp in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | F# |
| The second sharp in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | C# |
| The third sharp in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | G# |
| The fourth sharp in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | D# |
| The fifth sharp in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | A# |
| The sixth sharp in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | E# |
| The seventh sharp in a key signature is.... | B# |
| The first flat in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | B flat |
| The second flat in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | E flat |
| The third flat in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | A flat |
| The fourth flat in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | D flat |
| The fifth flat in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | G flat |
| The sixth flat in a key signature is ALWAYS.... | C flat |
| The seventh flat in a key signature is.... | F flat |
| Will you EVER see sharps AND flats together in the same key? | NO! |
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