smallest particle of an element (that still has the properties of that element)

consists of only one type of atom

two or more elements chemically bonded

two or more elements not chemically bonded

where bonds are broken and made and atoms are rearranged

characteristic of a substance that tells you how it looks or behaves

column, elements place in groups react in a similar way, middle elements 4 per column have no group because their reactions are not predictable

high melting point dense good conductors of heat and electricity mostly strong shiny sonorous ductile malleable magnetic 3 - cobalt nickel iron

low melting point low density insulator / poor conductor of heat and electricity dull brittle

displacement reaction

reaction where a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element in a compound

group 1 alkali metals

very reactive not dense fizz, bubble, ignite, explode with water reactivity increases down the group shiny when cut, but dull uncut -oxide alkali metal + water = alkali solution very weak, weaker down the group dissolve in water, produce hydrogen

stored in oil/argon to prevent oxidation

melting + boiling point increase down the group reactivity decreases down the group, reactive chlorine-pale green, bromine-orange, iodine-brown

very unreactive- don't take part in chemical reactions all gasses no space for extra electrons

Add big numbers to balance, must be same amount of atoms at start and end

1. Write the symbols with their valencies. 2. Cross the valencies to become subscripts. 3. Remove any “1” and simplify if there’s a common factor. 4. Write the final formula.

Law of Conservation of Mass

no atoms can be created or destroyed, chemical reactions just change how the atoms are bonded together

number indicated by how many bonds an element can form, maximum 4

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Periodic Table

Periodic Table and Formulae, mass and equations

Term	Definition
Atom	smallest particle of an element (that still has the properties of that element)
Element	consists of only one type of atom
compound	two or more elements chemically bonded
mixture	two or more elements not chemically bonded
chemical reaction	where bonds are broken and made and atoms are rearranged
property	characteristic of a substance that tells you how it looks or behaves
group	column, elements place in groups react in a similar way, middle elements 4 per column have no group because their reactions are not predictable
period	row
group 1	alkali metals
group 7	halogens
group 0	noble gasses
metal properties	high melting point dense good conductors of heat and electricity mostly strong shiny sonorous ductile malleable magnetic 3 - cobalt nickel iron
non-metal properties	low melting point low density insulator / poor conductor of heat and electricity dull brittle
displacement reaction	reaction where a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element in a compound
group 1 alkali metals	very reactive not dense fizz, bubble, ignite, explode with water reactivity increases down the group shiny when cut, but dull uncut -oxide alkali metal + water = alkali solution very weak, weaker down the group dissolve in water, produce hydrogen
alkali metal storage	stored in oil/argon to prevent oxidation
group 7 halogens	melting + boiling point increase down the group reactivity decreases down the group, reactive chlorine-pale green, bromine-orange, iodine-brown
group 0 noble gasses	very unreactive- don't take part in chemical reactions all gasses no space for extra electrons
Balancing Equations	Add big numbers to balance, must be same amount of atoms at start and end
Crossover Method	1. Write the symbols with their valencies. 2. Cross the valencies to become subscripts. 3. Remove any “1” and simplify if there’s a common factor. 4. Write the final formula.
Law of Conservation of Mass	no atoms can be created or destroyed, chemical reactions just change how the atoms are bonded together
valency	number indicated by how many bonds an element can form, maximum 4
naming two element compounds	metal non-metal/ide
naming three element compounds (including oxygen)	metal non-metal/ate
sodium valency	1
magnesium valency	2
potassium valency	1
oxygen valency	2
chlorine valency	1
hydroxide valency (OH)	1
carbonate valency (CO₃)	2

Created by: SG009

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