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Acids and Alkalis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Base | pH 8-14, neutralises an acid |
| Soluble bases (Alkali) | Metal hydroxide |
| Insoluble bases | Metal oxide and metal carbonate |
| HCL | Hydrochloric acid |
| HNO₃ | Nitric acid |
| H₂SO₄ | Sulfuric acid |
| Neutralisation | Reaction where acid and alkali (base) form salt and water |
| pH scale | A 0–14 scale showing how acidic or alkaline a solution is. |
| Corrosive | A dsubstance that can damage skin, metals, or materials. |
| Irritant | A substance that can cause redness or discomfort to skin or eyes but is not corrosive. |
| Universal Indicator | A mixture of dyes that shows a full range of pH colours from strong acid to strong alkali. red-acid, green-neutral, purple-alkali |
| Red cabbage indicator | A natural indicator made from red cabbage that changes colour depending on pH. red-acid, purple-neutral, green-alkali |
| Litmus | Indicator, red-acid, purple-neutral, blue-alkali |
| Acid | A substance with a pH less than 7 that tastes sour and can react with metals and bases, always contains hydrogen |
| Alkali | A substance with a pH greater than 7 can neutralise acids and are contained in most cleaning products. |
| Edible Salt | Sodium chloride |
| Naming Salt | Base and acid (sulfat,nitrate,chloride) |
| pH probe | Electronic device when put in a substance will give a numerical answer showing if it is acidic or alkaline. |
| Acid + base | Acid + base (alkali, metal oxide)-> salt + water |
| Acid + carbonate | Acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide |
| Base | pH 8-14, neutralises an acid |
| Soluble bases (Alkali) | Metal hydroxide |
| Insoluble bases | Metal oxide and metal carbonate |
| HCL | Hydrochloric acid |
| HNO₃ | Nitric acid |
| H₂SO₄ | Sulfuric acid |
| Neutralisation | Reaction where acid and alkali (base) form salt and water |
| pH scale | A 0–14 scale showing how acidic or alkaline a solution is. |
| Corrosive | A dsubstance that can damage skin, metals, or materials. |
| Irritant | A substance that can cause redness or discomfort to skin or eyes but is not corrosive. |
| Universal Indicator | A mixture of dyes that shows a full range of pH colours from strong acid to strong alkali. red-acid, green-neutral, purple-alkali |
| Red cabbage indicator | A natural indicator made from red cabbage that changes colour depending on pH. red-acid, purple-neutral, green-alkali |
| Litmus | Indicator, red-acid, purple-neutral, blue-alkali |
| Acid | A substance with a pH less than 7 that tastes sour and can react with metals and bases, always contains hydrogen |
| Alkali | A substance with a pH greater than 7 can neutralise acids and are contained in most cleaning products. |
| Edible Salt | Sodium chloride |
| Naming Salt | Base and acid (sulfat,nitrate,chloride) |
| pH probe | Electronic device when put in a substance will give a numerical answer showing if it is acidic or alkaline. |
| Acid + base | Acid + base (alkali, metal oxide)-> salt + water |
| Acid + carbonate | Acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide |
| How to make salt crystals | Measure acid into beaker Add copper oxide Add until excess Filter mixture Remove excess solid Heat filtrate gently Use Bunsen + tripod Leave to evaporate |
Created by:
SG009