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PCT Unit 1
Chapters 1 - 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| PCT (Patient Care Technician) | A healthcare worker who assists with patient care tasks in settings such as hospitals, clinics, and long-term care facilities. |
| Inpatient facility | A healthcare setting where patients are admitted and stay overnight; example: a hospital. |
| Outpatient facility | A healthcare setting where patients receive care and return home the same day; example: a clinic or doctor's office. |
| Who can diagnose diseases and prescribe treatment? | Licensed providers such as physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners. |
| Assisted living facility | A residential care setting for individuals who need help with daily activities but do not require full medical care. |
| Person-centered care | An approach to care that respects and responds to the individual preferences, needs, and values of each patient. |
| Scope of practice | The tasks and procedures a healthcare worker is legally permitted to perform based on their training and certification. |
| What should a PCT do if asked to do something outside their scope of practice? | Refuse the task and report the request to a supervisor. |
| Professional certification | A credential that validates a standardized level of competency, typically through a national exam. |
| Continuing education | Ongoing learning activities that keep healthcare workers current in their field; different from formal certification. |
| Ethics | Moral principles that guide a person's behavior and decision-making in professional situations. |
| Laws | Rules established and enforced by governing authorities that define legal rights and obligations. |
| Advance directive | A legal document in which a person outlines their wishes for medical treatment if they become unable to communicate. |
| Living will | A type of advance directive that specifies what life-sustaining treatments a person does or does not want. |
| Durable power of attorney for healthcare | A type of advance directive that designates another person to make medical decisions on someone's behalf. |
| HIPAA | The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; passed to protect the privacy and security of patients' health information. |
| Protected Health Information (PHI) | Any individually identifiable health information, such as a patient's name, diagnosis, treatment, or insurance details. |
| Medicare | A federal health insurance program that primarily covers individuals age 65 and older and certain disabled individuals. |
| Medicaid | A joint federal and state program that provides health coverage to eligible low-income individuals. |
| Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) | A law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities and requires accessible public accommodations. |
| HCAHPS | Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems; a survey tool used to measure and report patient satisfaction. |
| Criminal law | A branch of law that deals with offenses against society as a whole, punishable by the government. |
| Civil law | A branch of law that deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, typically involving compensation. |
| Abuse | Intentional mistreatment of a patient; can be physical, emotional, sexual, or financial. |
| Neglect | Failure to provide necessary care to a patient, resulting in harm or risk of harm. |
| Mandated reporter | A person who is legally required to report suspected abuse, neglect, or exploitation to the appropriate authorities. |
| Informed consent | A patient's voluntary agreement to a treatment or procedure after receiving a full explanation of risks, benefits, and alternatives. |
| Implied consent | Consent that is assumed in an emergency situation when a patient is unable to give verbal or written consent. |
| Expressed consent | Consent that is clearly stated, either verbally or in writing, by the patient. |
| Exploitation | Taking advantage of a patient for personal gain; example: persuading a patient to change their will in a caregiver's favor. |
| Whistleblower law | A law that protects employees from retaliation when they report illegal or unethical activities in the workplace. |
| Incident report | A formal document used to record an unexpected event or error in a healthcare facility; should be completed immediately after the event. |
| Sentinel event | A serious, unexpected patient safety event that results in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm; example: wrong-site surgery. |
| Communication process | The exchange of information between a sender and receiver, involving encoding, transmitting, and decoding a message. |
| Closed-loop communication | A communication technique in which the receiver repeats the message back to the sender to confirm understanding. |
| Nonverbal communication | The transmission of messages without words, through body language, facial expressions, eye contact, and gestures. |
| Culture | The shared beliefs, values, customs, and practices of a group of people that influence their behaviors and worldview. |
| Unbiased care | Care that is delivered with equal respect and professionalism to all patients regardless of background, beliefs, or identity. |
| Therapeutic communication | Communication techniques used to support and understand patients, such as open-ended questions, active listening, and validation. |
| Validating a patient's concerns | Acknowledging and affirming that a patient's feelings and concerns are understandable and worthy of attention. |
| Objective information | Information based on observable, measurable facts; not influenced by personal feelings or opinions. |
| Subjective information | Information based on a person's personal feelings, perceptions, or opinions rather than measurable facts. |
| EHR (Electronic Health Record) | A digital record of a patient's health information that can be shared across multiple healthcare providers and organizations. |
| EMR (Electronic Medical Record) | A digital record of a patient's health information used within a single practice or healthcare organization. |
| Urgent patient observations to report | Changes such as: unresponsiveness, difficulty breathing, chest pain, sudden confusion, severe bleeding, seizure, or signs of stroke. |
| Physiological needs | Basic biological needs required for survival, such as food, water, shelter, sleep, and air. |
| Psychosocial needs | Emotional and social needs, such as belonging, love, self-esteem, and a sense of purpose. |
| Developmental stages | Phases of human growth and development from infancy through late adulthood, each with distinct physical and psychosocial characteristics. |
| School-age development | The developmental stage in which children develop a conscience, morals, self-esteem, and logical thinking skills. |
| Late adulthood physical changes | May include decreased strength, slower metabolism, difficulty maintaining weight, and reduced sensory acuity. |
| Emotional maturity | The ability to adapt to change, maintain healthy relationships, and take responsibility for one's own actions and feelings. |
| Substance use disorder | A condition in which a person compulsively uses a substance despite harmful consequences; can involve legal or illegal substances. |
| Bipolar disorder | A mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings cycling between mania (highs) and depression (lows). |
| Mental health treatment | Approaches to treating mental health disorders, including psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication management. |
| What should a PCT do if a patient shows signs of substance use disorder? | Document the observations and report them to the supervising nurse or appropriate care team member. |
Created by:
PJohnson85