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Static electricity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define electricity | Form of energy created from the movement of electrons |
| Define static electricity | Buildup of non-moving electric charges on a surface. Ex. balloon rubbed on hair sticks because charged are transferred and opposite charges are given. |
| Law of static electric charges (attract/repel) | Opposite charges attract. Neutral and charged attract. Same charges repel. |
| Friction | Charging an object by rubbing 2 materials together (1 object loses electrons, other gains and becomes negative) |
| Contact | Non-charged object charged by touching a charged object. How: charged materials releases electrons to another (shock) |
| Induction | Bring a charged object CLOSE to an uncharged one; causes a temporary change. Ex. pithball and ruler trick. |
| Insulator vs conductor (define) | Insulator is a materials that does not allow easy flow of electrons through it, such as rubber. Conductors allows the flow of electrons through it, such as metal: some materials are better conductors than others. |
| Static electricity is detected by… | Pith-ball electroscope and gold leaf electroscope |
| Define discharge | Getting rid of excess electrons. Ex. Holding pithball with hand. |
| Define grounding | Discharging electrons to the ground ex. Lightning rod, 3rd cord prong. |
| Lightning safety precautions: | Go indoors, don’t lay down (current will be grounded on your path), stay low, keep feet together to avoid giving electrons a shortcut to transfer through, or have metal armour (faraday cage). |
| What is a Faraday cage? | A conductive enclosure that blocks electromagnetic charges from penetrating through, instead making it glide over. |