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Yr 9 Civics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many seats are needed in the House of Representatives to form a majority government? | 76 seats. |
| What is a majority government? | When one political party wins enough seats (76+) to govern on its own. |
| What is a minority government? | When the largest party forms government but relies on independents or minor parties for support. |
| What is the balance of power? | When minor parties or independents have enough votes to influence which party forms government or whether laws are passed. |
| Why do minor parties and independents have influence in a minority government? | Because the government may need their support to pass laws. |
| What is an independent candidate? | A candidate who is not a member of a political party. |
| Name two places where ideas for laws can come from. | Government departments, political parties, community groups, lobby groups, businesses, or parliamentary committees. |
| What is the role of the Prime Minister in policy-making? | Sets the national agenda, chooses Cabinet ministers, and leads Cabinet discussions. |
| What is the role of Cabinet in policy-making? | Discusses government policies and decides which policies become bills. |
| What is the role of Parliament in policy-making? | Debates, questions, and votes on bills. |
| Can the Prime Minister make laws alone? | No, they rely on Cabinet and Parliament. |
| When does a policy become law? | When Parliament passes the bill and it receives Royal Assent. |
| How can media influence voting decisions? | By presenting politicians positively or negatively. |
| How can media influence opinions on issues? | By shaping how important or urgent issues appear. |
| How can media influence attitudes to diversity? | By promoting inclusion or reinforcing stereotypes. |
| What is misinformation? | False information shared by mistake. |
| What is disinformation? | False information shared deliberately to mislead people. |
| Why is it important to check the reliability of social media sources? | To ensure information is accurate before forming opinions or making decisions. |
| Why does Australia use different courts for different types of cases? | Because some cases are more serious, involve different legal issues, require specialist judges, or need appeals. |
| What are the two court systems in Australia? | State courts and Federal courts. |
| What types of cases are heard in the Magistrates' Court? | Minor criminal cases and small civil disputes. |
| What types of cases are heard in the County/District Court? | Serious criminal cases and larger civil disputes. |
| What types of cases are heard in the Federal Circuit and Family Court? | Family law cases such as divorce, parenting disputes, and property settlements. |
| What types of cases are heard in the Federal Court of Australia? | Business disputes, workplace law, human rights, discrimination, and environmental cases involving federal law. |
| What are the two main roles of the High Court of Australia? | Final court of appeal and interpreter of the Australian Constitution. |
| What is a judgment? | The official decision made by a judge in a legal case. |
| What is a precedent? | A legal decision that acts as an example for future cases. |
| What is common law? | Law that develops through precedents set by judges in court cases. |
| Why do courts use precedent? | To ensure consistency and fairness when deciding similar cases. |
| What does it mean when a higher court binds a lower court? | Lower courts must follow precedents set by higher courts in similar cases. |
| How can a court judgment develop the law? | By creating a precedent that influences future cases. |
| What was the significance of Donoghue v Stevenson? | It established that manufacturers can be responsible for harm caused by unsafe products. |
| What are the three principles of justice? | Access, Equality, Fairness |
| What does equality before the law mean? | Everyone is treated equally and subject to the same laws regardless of status, race, gender, or religion. |
| What is an independent judiciary? | In the legal system, fairness means everyone is treated the same and decisions are made without bias. |
| What is access? | Access means everyone should be able to use the legal system when they need to. |
| Why does the right of appeal exist? | To correct legal errors and help ensure fairness. |
| What is freedom from interference? | Judges and courts must be free from pressure, threats, or influence. |
| Name one factor that can undermine justice. | Media influence, court delays, unequal legal representation, juror misconduct, or political pressure. |
| What is community cohesiveness? | The extent to which people understand each other, feel included, and trust one another in society. |
| How can media positively impact community cohesiveness? | By promoting understanding, empathy, inclusion, and respect for different groups. |
| How can media negatively impact community cohesiveness? | By spreading stereotypes, misinformation, prejudice, and division. |
| Why is media diversity important? | It helps different groups feel represented and included in society. |
| How can stereotypes in media be harmful? | They can create unfair assumptions, reinforce bias, and negatively influence attitudes towards certain groups. |
| How does fair media representation help build a more inclusive society? | It promotes respect, understanding, equality, and a sense of belonging for different groups within the community. |
Created by:
minz