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History Final 7th
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Latitude? | Imaginary lines that run east to west but measure in north to south. |
| What is Longitude? | Imaginary lines that run north to south but measure in east to west. |
| What is the Equator? | Imaginary line that divides the Northern and Southern hemispheres. |
| What is the Prime Meridian? | Imaginary line that divides the Eastern and Western hemispheres. |
| What are the 5 themes of Geography? (Movement - how we move people, goods, and ideas Region - What places have in common (crops grown, weather, location) | Location - Where is it? (absolute or relative location) Place - What is it like? The physical and human characteristics Human-Environment Interaction (HEI) - How people adapt, modify, and depend on the environment (Humans changing the environment) |
| Reincarnation | Cycles of birth, death, and rebirth. |
| Karma | Universal principle of cause and effect, good deeds equal good things. Affects future lives. |
| Caste System | A social order. The higher the caste/vedas, the better the job and usually the richer a person will be. |
| Pilgrimage | Religious journey to sacred or deeply significant places. |
| Monotheism | Belief in one god. |
| Polytheism | Belief in more than one god or goddess. |
| Confucianism | 3 principles - courtesy, respect, and concern |
| Representative Democracy | People elect leaders to write and manage laws for the country. |
| Direct Democracy | All citizens have the chance to participate. |
| Persian War | The Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between ancient Greece and the Persian Empire. Resulted in the defeat of the Persian Empire and the rise of Athens as a powerful city-state, although Sparta and Athens did work together. |
| Oligarchy | A form of government in which power rests in a small elite group of people; allows you to make decisions quickly. |
| Pax Romana | A period of time in the Roman Empire that began in 27 BCE and ended in 180 CE. It was a peaceful time when Romans didn't rebel against the Emperor, and Rome was safe from attacks from people living outside of the Empire. |
| 3 Branches of Government in Rome | The political structure of the Roman Republic worked by division into three branches: Magistrates, Senate, and Assemblies. Each of these branches had particular responsibilities and privileges. Our government is based on this. |
| Fall of Rome | caused by Political Instability (frequent changes in leadership); Economic Issues (inflation, unemployment), Military Problems (use of mercenaries, not loyal to Rome); Invasions (Goths, Vandals, and Huns) |
| Roman Achievements: Arches | A curved structure that spans an opening, distributes weight evenly, allowing for larger openings, usually made of stone, brick, or concrete, stronger than traditional post-and-lintel design |
| Roman Achievements; Aqueducts | A system for transporting water from a source to a destination, to provide fresh water to Roman cities and towns, some aqueducts stretched for over 100 kilometers, made of stone, brick, and concrete. |
| Roman Achievements: Roads | Stone-paved, cambered for drainage, and were flanked by footpaths, bridleways and drainage ditches. |
| Roman Achievements: Trade Network | Extensive trade network across the empire, used a common currency (Roman coins), built roads and ports to support commerce. |
| Africa 1: | W. Africans settled along the Niger River Linked inland West Africa to coast regions Boats and canoes used for transportation Important cities: Djenné and Timbuktu Facilitated the exchange of goods within West Africa |
| Africa 2: Trading- Gold and Salt | Gold from West Africa, salt from Sahara Desert Gold was abundant in West Africa but scarce in North Africa Salt was essential for preserving food and as a dietary supplement This trade created a balance of resources between region |
| Middle Ages/ Renaissance: Plague | Killed 75- 200 million people; brought by fleas on rats , symptoms were severe, |
| Middle Ages/Renaissance: Gutenberg's Moveable Type | Greatest single innovation in the history of communication technology; improved knowledge ; explosion of printed books |
| Middle Ages/Renaissance: Humanism | System of thought and action concerned with ) Human interests and values, was the dominant movement of the Renaissance, celebrating the achievements ; human beings have dignity and intelligence. |
| Middle Ages/Renaissance: The Renaissance Man | The ideal so-called Renaissance man was successful in business, well-mannered, educated, athletic, and brave. |
| Explorers: Francisco Coronado | Explored the American Southwest ; discovered the Grand Canyon; from Spain. |
| Explorers: Vasco Núñez de Balboa | Landed in Panama, first to European to see the Pacific Ocean from the Americas (called it the South Sea); from Spain. |
| Explorers: Bartalomew Dias | Sailed from Portugal in 1488; follows the coast of Africa; makes it around the Cape of Good Hope; crew threaten mutiny and he went back to Portugal; from Portugal. |
| Explorers: Samuel de Champlain | Champlain explored the Caribbean, the coast of New England, and later the Great Lakes and Hudson Bay. He founded Quebec in 1608; from France. |
| Explorers: Sir Walter Raleigh | Explored modern-day Venezuela in search of a mythical city of gold called El Dorado; from England. |
| Triangle Trade: | a specific system of re-ocurring trade between Europe, Africa , and the Americas. |
| Triangle Trade A: | Europeans would use the money from the sale of enslaved Africans to purchase raw materials (things that were used to make other things) in the Americas, take them back to Europe to sell, buying manufactured goods |
| Triangle Trade B: | European merchants brought manufactured goods to Africa to trade for enslaved Africans. |
| Conqueror | Spanish word for conqueror - conquistador. |
| Mesoamerica: | Maya/Aztec/Inca - all monarchies, lost of native Americans due to disease. |
| Inca | Trade system. |
| Maya | Achievements - Written language ; wrote books (codex/codices); calendar; mathematics; astronomy Glyphs - written language using hieroglyphic symbols; representing syllables/words |
| Aztec A: | Used armies to conquer territory - demanded tribute Took captives in war - used as laborers , human sacrifices |
| Aztec B: Defeat | Spanish - The Spanish defeated the Aztecs due to superior military alliances with disgruntled Aztec subjects, and the impact of diseases like smallpox. |
| Primary Sources | First hand account of an event or topic Examples: original artwork, poems, photographs, speeches, letters, memos, personal narratives, diaries, interviews, and autobiographies. |
| Secondary Sources | Second -hand accounts, often created by people who did not directly experience the event or topic being discussed Examples: textbooks, encyclopedias, biographies, newspaper editorials or opinion pieces. |
Created by:
ThekingT-REX