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Chapter 21

Emergency Drugs and Definitions

QuestionAnswer
Angina Pectoris: chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.
Acute Myocardial Infarction: also known as a heart attach; happens when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage to the heart.
Extrapyramidal Reactions: side effects that movement, often caused by certain medications.
Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency: a condition where the adrenal glands suddenly can't produce enough of the hormones they need, especially cortisol.
Thyroid Storm: rare, life threatening condition where the thyroid gland releases too much hormone, causing a sudden and severe increase in heart rate, body temperature, and other symptoms like confusion and sweating.
Opioid Overdose: can slow breathing, cause extreme drowsiness, or even lead to loss of consciousness and death.
Anaphylactic Shock: a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that happens quickly; can cause symptoms like difficulty breathing, swelling, drop in blood pressure, and can lead to unconsciousness.
Acute Airway Obstruction: the result of a foreign body in the pharynx or larynx.
CAB: Chest, Airway, Breathing.
Syncope: most common emergency in the dental office; fainting, vasomotor collapse.
Hypoglycemia: condition where blood sugar (glucose) levels are too low.
Diabetic Coma: elevated blood sugar.
Seizures: sudden, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain.
Hyperventilation: when you breath very quickly and shallowly, often causing a decrease in carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
Asthma: condition where airways in the lungs become inflamed and narrowed, making it harder to breath.
Generic: albuterol Brand: ProAir Class: Beta 2 Agonist Indication: Acute asthma attack or respiratory distress with anaphylaxis.
Generic: acetylsalicylic acid Brand: Aspirin Class: Salicylate Indication: Prevent the progression from cardiac ischemia when experiencing an MI.
Generic: diphenhydramine Brand: Benadryl allergy Class: Histamine H1 Antagonist/ First Generation Indication: Symptomatic relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release.
Generic: epinephrine Brand: Adrenalin Class: Alpha/ Beta Agonist Indication: Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions.
Generic: oral glucose Brand: Polycose [OTC] Class: Caloric Supplement Indication: Oral-hypoglycemia
Generic: naloxone Brand: Narcan Nasal Class: Opioid Antagonist Indication: Opioid induced apnea or overdose.
Generic: nitroglycerin Brand: NitroStat Class: Antianginal Agent Indication: Angina pectoris
Generic: oxygen Brand: Class: Dental Gases Indication: A resuscitative agent for medical emergencies in dental offices and much more.
Generic: ammonia spirits (aromatic) Brand: Class: Respiratory Stimulant Indication: Emergency use in syncope.
Generic: atropine Brand: AtroPen Class: Anticholinergic Agent Indication: Increase cardiac rate when heart rate has been slowed by a procedure.
Generic: esmolol Brand: Brevibloc Class: B-Blockers Indication: Manage intraoperative or postoperative tachycardia or hypertension.
Generic: labethaolol Brand: APO-Labetaolol Class: B-Blockers Indication: Manage intraoperative or postoperative tachycardia or hypertension.
Generic: diazepam Brand: Valium Class: Antiseizure Agent/ Benzodiazepine Indication: Seizures.
Generic: dextrose Brand: Insta-Glucose Class: Antidote/ Hypoglycemia Indication: Treatment of hypoglycemia.
Generic: glucagon Brand: GlucaGen Class: Antidote/ Hypoglycemia Indication: Treatment of hypoglycemia.
Generic: hydrocortisone Brand: Cortef Class: Corticosteroid Indication: Allergic reactions.
Generic: morphine Brand: MS Contin, Duramorph Class: Opioid/ Analgesic Indication: Patient who suffered an acute MI.
Created by: anna.meza
 

 



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