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History S2 Finals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Spark of WW1 | Assassination of the Arch duke Franz Ferdinand of Austria Hungary June 28th, 1914 |
| Causes of WW1 | MAIN M-militarism A-Allies I-Imperialism N-nationalism |
| Central Powers | Germany Austria Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire |
| Allied Powers | Britain France Russia Serbia United States Italy Japan |
| Triple Alliance | Germany Austria-Hungary Italy |
| Triple Entente | Britain France Russia |
| The sinking of the Lusitania | sank in about 15min 128 Americans died Wilson denounced the attack ship carried war materials |
| Zimmerman telegram | -Telegram intercepted by the British Arthur Zimmerman sent a telegram to mexico try to tell them to make war -They will have mexico get their old land back from america -Britain gives to Americans -1917 Wilson asked congress for declaration of war |
| Schliffen Plan | Germany goes to invaid neutral belgium then they were going to go through paris france then they were going to then they were going to fight russia |
| The Armistice and when | it happens on Nov 11th on the 11am Ordered an immediate ceasefire on the Western Front Required Germany to withdraw troops, surrender weapons, and release prisoners Ended the fighting, but did not formally end the war |
| Terms of the treaty of versailles | 1.Germnay had to accept full responsibility for the war-pay billions of dollars to allies 2.wilsons league for nations 3.france got German land 4.germans make no weapons 5.Had to give earned land away 6.no airport/submarine forces 7. shrink military |
| Who did not get invited to the Paris peace conference | Russia/Germany |
| Big 4 of WW1 | Italy- Orlando Us- Wilson France- Clemenceau Britain- David Loyd George |
| How did Hitler Rise to power? | -He took advantage of peoples anger over the state of Germany (especially the treaty of Versailles) -He exploited peoples concerns over unchecked inflationary and the sever unemployment. -He was a really good speaker |
| What promises did Hitler make? | He promised a better life when the economy was struggling. |
| Nazism | The German brand of Fascism |
| Axis Powers | Germany Italy Japan |
| Fascism | Political movement based on nationalism that gives power to a dictator and takes away from individual rights |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain France United States Soviet Union China |
| Non Aggression Pact | This was signed by Hitler and Stalin. It let Hitler use force to take Poland with out fear of Stalin stopping him. Hitler agreed to give part of Poland to Soviet Union, and not ever attack/invaid the Soviets. |
| Munich Conference | Britain & France agree to give the Sudetenland to Hitler if he agrees to no one expansion. They try APPEASEMENT to keep Hitler happy. He can keep: Rhineland/ Sudetenland/ Austria Hitler does agree, but he later breaks his promise |
| Appeasement | Giving in the keep the peace |
| Reasons for Appeasement WW2 | We wanted to keep Hitler happy and avoid another world war. |
| Reason for German Aggression WW2 | They did not like the new terms for the treaty of Versailles. They were living in poverty and didn't not like how things were going. |
| Spark of WW2 | The invasion of Poland by Hitler September 1st, 1939 |
| Causes of WW2 | GIMIDATA- Great Depression Isolationism Militarism Imperialism Dictators Appeasement Treaty of Versailles Alliances |
| Final Solution | The Nazi term for the annihilation of the Jews in Europe. |
| Atlantic Charter | FDR an Churchill planning on to defeat Hitler |
| Battle of Midway | -U.S wins -Closest Island to Pearl Harbor |
| Battle of Coral Sea | -1st all air battle -Prevented Japan from getting Australia |
| The Big 3 | US-FDR Britain-Winston Churchill USSR-Soviet Union |
| Battle of the Bulge | The first large scale attack by German troops that was forced back by the allies -Allies win -Hitlers last chances to keep us from getting into Germany -We were in Belgium going into Germany |
| German disadvantages in the war | -they were working on getting out of dept an dtye need to rebuilt d military |
| Where was the atomic used and who used it? | The United States bombed Nagasaki & Hiroshima. |
| Why did we drop the atomic bomb? | -Save american lives -Save POWs -Didn't want Stalin to get involved -End the war quickly |
| D-Day | -The allied ships landed on the coast of Normandy -They wade ashore facing mines, fierce assault from German bunkers -Germans had the upper hand and were on higher ground -Turning point in the war in Europe -Allied invasion to take France from Germany |
| Pearl Harbor | Japan attacked Pear Harbor on December 7th, 1941 |
| Japanese aggression of Pacific & US response | -they were going in in taken the land like the Philippians(US territory), and so we froze their money. FDR stopped the sale of oil/gas/and other natural resources that Japan needed. |
| Potsdam Conference -What the U.S. and Britain Wanted | A strong German economy to help rebuild Europe. A strong Germany that could resist Soviet influence and communism. |
| Yalta Conference | Big three came Rosevent- want Soviet support in Pacific war if Japan invasion should happen Churchill- free elections/democracy in east Europe-Poland Stalin- sphere of influence in east Europe- essential for Soviet security. -plan post war Germany |
| Kapos | They were selected Jews, who were in charge of the other Jews. -Very Harsh |
| Sonderkommandos | Jews in charge of the death work in the chambers and crematorium. They received special treatment, but were killed after 3 months of work. |
| Life in Camps | - used to house the "undesirables" - stayed in barracks -daily roll calls -hard labor -starvation -disease -beatings -hangings -medical experiments -shootings -families separated -humiliating -converted to death camps for final solution |
| Initial Selection | -Happend at arrival -Separated by gender -Skilled workers/Laborers could work for the Nazis -Old/Young/Weak off to the gas chambers -Families separated/ Luggage stolen |
| Israel and Palestine conflicts | -They fight for Jerusalem - |
| When was D-Day? | June 6th, 1944 |
| 5 beaches for D-day | Gold Utah Sword Omaha Juno |
| Causes for Pearl Harbor | U.S stopped selling oil/rubber other resources to Japan -US froze Japanese money in American banks, so Japan was really mad at the U.S -Destroy the fleet in Hawaii -closest one to destroy |
| Potsdam Conference -What the Soviet Union Wanted | -Remove Germany’s industrial power. -Turn Germany into a mostly agricultural society. -Punish Germany for its invasion of the Soviet Union. |
| Conditions for Ellie and his Father | -Little to no food -Constantly having to walk or run to a new camp -beating and verbal harassment -Hard work everyday -Inspections -Constant threat of death |
| Iron Curtain | a political and military barrier that divided Europe, symbolizing the Soviet Union’s attempt to block itself from noncommunist countries |
| Satellite State | a country that is formally independent, but is now under the control or influence of another |
| Truman Doctrine | President Truman’s 1947 declaration that the United States would assist countries threatened by communism |
| Marshall Plan | economic aid to countries threatened by communism; part of the Truman Doctrine |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization | (NATO) an alliance between noncommunist European and North American countries |
| Warsaw Pact | an alliance between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries |
| Deterrence | a strategy in which major powers indirectly threaten others by means of fear; this led to the arms race |
| Fidel Castro | prime minister of Cuba throughout the Cold War |
| John Kennedy | 35th president of the United States; served during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | failed land invasion of Cuba led by exiles attempting to overthrow Fidel Castro’s government |
| Ronald Reagan | 40th president of the United States; served during the end of the Cold War |
| NIKITA KHRUSCHEV | former president of the Soviet Union; approved construction of the Berlin Wall |
| MIKHAEL GORBACHEV | former president of the Soviet Union; served during the end of the Cold War |
| HO CHI MINH | revolutionary, politician and eventual communist president of North Vietnam |
| VIET CONG | armed communist organization in support with North Vietnam |
| CHIANG KAI SHEK | led a successful reunification of the Republic of China until communist forces took power |
| MAO ZEDONG | communist leader and founder of the People’s Republic of China |
| GREAT LEAP FORWARD | failed economic and social campaign to reconstruct China into a communist society |
| CULTURAL REVOLUTION | movement aimed at revitalizing China, particularly focusing on their youth and improving education and health care systems |
| Marshal Plan | economic aid to counties threatened by communism -part of the Truman doctrine - western European countries |
| Bay of Pigs invasion | We wanted to do this because we wanted to created an uprising against Castro, who was communists and cut of infringement. It was a disaster because of a time miscommunication. There was snow air support. many killed and more were captured. =humiliation |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | US has missile in Greece/turkey USSR has missile in Cuba Both sets of missiles can hit the enemy country Lasts 13 days were we are at a stand off Negotiation over what to do- Us has a naval blockade around Cuba to prevent weapons from coming in. |
| Cold War definition | The Cold war was just tension between the USA and the Soviet Union. There was no direct fighting or declaration of war. |
| Korean War Starting | Korea was divided along the 38th parallel USSR=North US= South North invalided the south - and wanted to make eit communist We wanted to contain communism and keep the north out of the south |
| During Korean War | We pushed them back, but then Mcarther wanted to get nore land in north Korea, so we tried to push up higher into the north. China sent a warning that if we continued to push they would intervene, but we did not stop and so the communist recapture NK. |
| Ending the war | Stale mate for two years. Pushed communists back up over 38th parallel. Ceise fire . N victory no change in territory. Many dead an ding=jured- now presidents dotn have to ask congress to send troops . |
| Arms Race | The Cold War arms race was a tense, decades-long competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to build the largest and most advanced military forces and nuclear arsenals. |
| Domino Theory | If Vietnam falls the countries will also fall to communism.. we don't want tit to spread, so we we try to prevent Vietnam from becoming communist. Same example with any country. |
| Importance of Berlin in Cold War | Divided into eats and west Berlin East= Soviet Union West=US/France/Britain It was another divide in he the Cold war to show to separation from he Soviet union and the united states. |
| Division of Germany and Berlin | -Divided into West Germany and east Germany - West= France/ Britain/ US (democratic)-west Berlin - East= Soviet Union (Communist)- east Berlin |
| Vietnam War | North Vietnamese Fighters- Viet Cong US Strategy battle strategy during war- U.S -Bombing( airstrikes/ operation rolling thunder) -Search and Destroy Using Agent orange Naplam Vietcong Battle strategy during war- Vietcong -Ho Chi Minh Trail hekp- traps |
| US Involvement with the war: reason and outcome | -The US wanted to contain communism. -North Vietnam took over south Vietnam and it all becomes communist. |
| Vietnamization | a U.S. policy enacted by the Nixon administration in 1969 to end American involvement in the Vietnam War |
| Conditions in Trenches | -Trench foot -Rats and disease -No mans land in between -bugs on everything -Very stressfully being stuck there -Very boring -Water on floors |
| Terms in the Treaty of Versailles (At least 3) | -Germany has to take all the blame -Germany has to pay reparations -Germany had limitation on their military -Germany lost all the land they won |
| Reasons for Pearl Harbor | -The US froze Japans money,a dn they could not get the money out. -They would not trade Rubber/Oil with Japan -Pearl Harbor was the closest spot to bomb |
| Effects of Dropping Bombs on Japan | -People got burns -Long term=cancer -Radiation in soil/water -People died -United states won the war |
| Issues with Jews relocating to Israel after the Holocaust | They gave the Jews land that other people already had |
| Why has it been so difficult to solve the conflicts in the Middle East? | The land has a lot of religious backing to belong to both groups. They aren't;t willing to compromise because they both believe the land is holy and belongs to them. |
| Explain the US foreign policy of containment during the Cold War. What were we trying to contain? Give a specific example from the Cold War. | They wanted to contain communism. They would do any possible to prevent communism from spreading to more countries. |
| Compare and contrast the Korean and Vietnam War. | Both -Split areas -We get involved to contain communism -North= Communist -South= Democratic Different V- 17 K- 38 V- becomes one communist country K- Ends by seize fire(no change in land) |
| How did the Cold War come to an end? | - Berlin wall comes down- symbolic end - Eastern Europeans countries become democratic- no longer communist - Soviet union collapse -end of war -Germany again one country -Iron Curtain gone |
| Describe the conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi in Rwanda | Europeans came they gave the Tutsi more European feature,and so they had more significant in society and power. They president wanted to create peace for both side, and the Hutu's didn't like that. he was assassinated- the Hutu's started the genocide |
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