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3. JFK, LBJ
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| John F. Kennedy (JFK) | The 35th U.S. President; a WWII veteran and charismatic Democrat who won the 1960 election. He was the youngest person ever elected to the presidency at age 43. |
| Richard Nixon | The Republican candidate in 1960 and Eisenhower’s Vice President; he emphasized his Cold War experience but was perceived as lacking charisma on television. |
| Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ) | Kennedy’s running mate in 1960 and successor after the assassination; he launched the "Great Society" and the "War on Poverty". |
| Jacqueline "Jackie" Kennedy | The young and attractive First Lady; she was often called the "Unofficial Minister of Culture". |
| Lee Harvey Oswald | A Texas School Book Depository employee and former defector to the USSR who assassinated President Kennedy. |
| Jack Ruby | A Dallas nightclub owner who shot and killed Lee Harvey Oswald while he was being transported to jail. |
| John Connally | The Texas Governor who was riding with Kennedy and was seriously wounded during the assassination. |
| Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK) | Civil rights leader whose 1960 arrest at an Atlanta lunch counter became a pivotal campaign issue. |
| Robert F. Kennedy (RFK) | JFK's brother who helped secure MLK's release from prison, helping win Black votes for the 1960 campaign. |
| Joseph Kennedy | JFK’s brother who died in combat during WWII; JFK cited his sacrifice to address concerns about his own Catholicism. |
| Earl Warren | Chief Justice of the United States who headed the first official investigation into JFK's assassination. |
| Abraham Zapruder | A garment manufacturer who captured the only complete silent 8mm film of the assassination. |
| Michael Harrington | Author of The Other America, a book about poverty that deeply influenced JFK’s domestic agenda. |
| Barry Goldwater | The very conservative 1964 Republican presidential candidate who lost to LBJ in a landslide. |
| Max Jacobson | A doctor who provided President Kennedy with pain medication for his chronic health issues. |
| J.D. Tippit | The Dallas police officer murdered by Lee Harvey Oswald shortly after the assassination. |
| 1960 Televised Debates | The first of four debates where image replaced the printed word; TV viewers believed Kennedy won, while radio listeners favored Nixon. |
| Dealey Plaza | The location in Dallas, Texas, where President Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963. |
| Texas School Book Depository | The building where Lee Harvey Oswald fired the fatal shots from a sixth-floor sniper’s nest. |
| The Dallas Trade Mart | The location where the media and crowds were waiting for Kennedy’s arrival at the time of the shooting. |
| The New Frontier | The name for JFK’s domestic agenda, focusing on poverty, education, and health. |
| The Great Society | LBJ’s liberal domestic policy aimed at ending poverty and racial injustice. |
| War on Poverty | An expansive antipoverty initiative launched by LBJ to honor Kennedy’s legacy. |
| Magic Bullet Theory | The conclusion by the Warren Commission that a single bullet (the second shot) hit both President Kennedy and Governor Connally. |
| Lone Gunman Theory | The finding that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in the assassination. |
| Continuity | LBJ's goal to serve as a "caretaker" of Kennedy’s policies and staff to ensure a stable transition of power. |
| Mandate | A perceived command from the electorate; LBJ viewed his 1964 landslide victory as a mandate for the Great Society. |
| Image vs. Reality | The contrast between the Kennedy administration's public "Camelot" persona and private struggles with health (Addison's disease), marriage (affairs), and cabinet inexperience. |
| Area Redevelopment Act | A JFK-supported bill providing financial aid to economically distressed regions. |
| Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) | The agency created to lead the War on Poverty with a budget of over $1 billion. |
| Job Corps | A work training program for young people aged 16 to 21. |
| Head Start | A preschool education program for low-income families. |
| VISTA (Volunteers in Service to America) | A domestic version of the Peace Corps. |
| Medicare | National health insurance for Americans over age 65. |
| Medicaid | A government program providing free healthcare to the needy. |
| Elementary and Secondary Education Act | A 1965 law providing $1.3 billion in aid to schools in poor areas. |
| Corporation for Public Broadcasting | A nonprofit organization dedicated to educational television programming. |
| Omnibus Housing Act | Authorized billions for urban renewal and housing assistance. |
| Water and Air Quality Acts (1965/1967) | Environmental legislation that established a strong ecological record for the Johnson administration. |
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