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643 Onco Exam 1 AI
| generic | brand | class/target | indication | key SE/notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclophosphamide | Cytoxan | Alkylating (nitrogen mustard) | Lymphoma, ALL, solid tumors | Hemorrhagic cystitis (mesna!), SIADH |
| Cisplatin | Platinol | Platinum analog (alkylating) | Testicular, ovarian, lung, bladder | Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuropathy (NOT BM suppression) |
| Carboplatin | Paraplatin | Platinum analog | Ovarian, lung | Thrombocytopenia (main), less nephrotoxic than cisplatin |
| Oxaliplatin | Eloxatin | Platinum analog | Colorectal (FOLFOX) | Cold-induced peripheral neuropathy |
| Methotrexate | Rheumatrex | Antifolate / antimetabolite | ALL, NHL, osteosarcoma | Mucositis, myelosuppression; rescue with leucovorin |
| 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) | Adrucil | Pyrimidine antimetabolite | Colorectal, gastric, head/neck | Hand-foot syndrome, mucositis, diarrhea |
| Capecitabine | Xeloda | Oral 5-FU prodrug | Colorectal, breast | Same as 5-FU; hand-foot (more common) |
| Cytarabine (Ara-C) | Cytosar | Pyrimidine antimetabolite | AML, ALL | Myelosuppression; cerebellar toxicity (high dose) |
| Gemcitabine | Gemzar | Nucleoside antimetabolite | Pancreatic, NSCLC, bladder | Myelosuppression, flu-like, HUS (rare) |
| Pemetrexed | Alimta | Multi-antifolate | NSCLC, mesothelioma | Supplement folate + B12; myelosuppression |
| Doxorubicin | Adriamycin | Anthracycline + Topo II inhibitor | Many cancers | Cardiotoxicity (LVEF monitor; cumulative dose limit), alopecia |
| Bleomycin | Blenoxane | Glycopeptide antibiotic (G2) | Hodgkin lymphoma, testicular | Pulmonary fibrosis (dose-limit!) |
| Etoposide | VePesid (VP-16) | Topo II inhibitor | Lung, testicular | Myelosuppression; secondary AML risk |
| Irinotecan | Camptosar (CPT-11) | Topo I inhibitor (prodrug) | Colorectal (FOLFIRI) | Early diarrhea (atropine) + delayed diarrhea (loperamide) |
| Topotecan | Hycamtin | Topo I inhibitor | Ovarian, cervical, SCLC | Myelosuppression (dose-limit) |
| Paclitaxel | Taxol | Taxane (microtubule stabilizer) | Ovarian, NSCLC | Hypersensitivity (Cremophor — premedicate), peripheral neuropathy |
| Docetaxel | Taxotere | Taxane | Lung, prostate, head/neck | Fluid retention (premedicate with dexamethasone) |
| Vincristine | Oncovin | Vinca alkaloid (M phase) | ALL, Hodgkin lymphoma | Peripheral neuropathy (DL); minimal BM suppression; FATAL intrathecal |
| Vinblastine | Velban | Vinca alkaloid | Hodgkin, testicular | Myelosuppression (more than vincristine) |
| Bortezomib | Velcade | Proteasome inhibitor (26S) | Multiple myeloma, MCL | Peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia |
| Imatinib | Gleevec | BCR-ABL TKI (ATP competitive) | CML, GIST | Edema, GI; resistance: T315I → ponatinib |
| Erlotinib | Tarceva | EGFR TKI | NSCLC (EGFR mut), pancreatic | Acneiform rash (correlates efficacy!), diarrhea, ILD |
| Sorafenib | Nexavar | RAF/VEGFR/PDGFR multi-TKI | RCC, HCC, thyroid | Hand-foot skin reaction, HTN |
| Sunitinib | Sutent | VEGFR/PDGFR/c-Kit multi-TKI | GIST (2nd line), RCC | Yellow skin, hypothyroidism, hand-foot |
| Palbociclib | Ibrance | CDK4/6 inhibitor | HR+/HER2– breast cancer (excluded) | Neutropenia |
| Idelalisib | Zydelig | PI3Kδ inhibitor | CLL, follicular lymphoma | Hepatotoxicity, colitis, pneumonitis |
| Venetoclax | Venclexta | BCL-2 inhibitor | CLL, AML, SLL | Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) — ramp dose up slowly |
| Leuprolide | Lupron | GnRH agonist | Prostate cancer, endometriosis | Testosterone flare (first 2 wks); SE: hot flashes, osteoporosis |
| Degarelix | Firmagon | GnRH antagonist | Prostate cancer | No testosterone flare; injection site reactions |
| Abiraterone | Zytiga | CYP17 inhibitor (prodrug) | Castration-resistant prostate Ca | Mineralocorticoid excess → edema/HTN/hypokalemia; give prednisone |
| Enzalutamide | Xtandi | 2nd gen androgen receptor antagonist | Prostate cancer (pre/post chemo) | Fatigue, seizure risk |
| Trastuzumab | Herceptin | Anti-HER2 mAb | HER2+ breast (excluded), gastric | Cardiotoxicity (HF), infusion rxn, fetal tox; monitor LVEF |
| T-DM1 (Ado-trastuzumab emtansine) | Kadcyla | HER2 ADC (emtansine payload) | HER2+ breast cancer (excluded) | Thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity |
| Cetuximab | Erbitux | Anti-EGFR mAb (chimeric) | Colorectal (WT KRAS), head/neck | Acneiform rash, hypomagnesemia; KRAS mut = no benefit |
| Bevacizumab | Avastin | Anti-VEGF mAb | Colorectal, lung, ovarian, glioblastoma | HTN, wound healing impairment, GI perforation, thrombosis |
| Rituximab | Rituxan | Anti-CD20 mAb (chimeric) | B-cell NHL, CLL | Infusion reactions (pre-med), PML (rare), hepatitis B reactivation |
| Alemtuzumab | Campath | Anti-CD52 mAb | CLL, CD52+ lymphoid tumors | Immune mechanisms; infusion reactions; profound immunosuppression |
| Nivolumab | Opdivo | Anti-PD-1 mAb | Melanoma, NSCLC, RCC, colorectal, HCC, Hodgkin lymphoma | Immune-related AEs; approved 2014 |
| Atezolizumab | Tecentriq | Anti-PD-L1 mAb | Bladder, NSCLC, SCLC, HCC, melanoma | Immune-related AEs; approved 2016 |
| Avelumab | Bavencio | Anti-PD-L1 mAb | Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma, urothelial | Immune-related AEs; approved 2017 |
| Durvalumab | Imfinzi | Anti-PD-L1 mAb | Bladder, NSCLC | Immune-related AEs; approved 2017 |
| Cemiplimab | Libtayo | Anti-PD-1 mAb | Squamous skin cell cancer (cSCC) | Approved 2018; immune-related AEs |
| Elotuzumab | Empliciti | Anti-SLAMF7 (CD319) mAb | Multiple myeloma | ADCC via NK cells (EAT-2); ADCP via macrophages; disrupts MM-stromal adhesion; approved 2015 |
| Relatlimab + Nivolumab | Opdualag | LAG-3 + PD-1 combo | Melanoma | First LAG-3 inhibitor; approved 2022; fixed-dose IV |
| Ofatumumab | Arzerra | Anti-CD20 mAb (fully human) | Refractory CLL | Approved 2009; like rituximab but fully human |
| Tisagenlecleucel | Kymriah | CD19 CAR-T cell therapy | B-ALL (peds/young adult), DLBCL | First approved CAR-T (2017); 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain; clears normal B cells → B-cell aplasia |
| Obecabtagene autoleucel | Aucatzyl | CD19 CAR-T (next-gen) | Adult B-ALL | 2024; controlled activation vs rapid expansion → ↓ CRS/ICANS; safe in elderly; ↓ T-cell exhaustion |
| ATRA (tretinoin) | Vesanoid | Differentiating agent (RAR agonist) | APL / M3 AML (t15;17) | Differentiation syndrome (fever, pulmonary — give dexamethasone) |
| Tamoxifen | Nolvadex | SERM | ER+ breast cancer (excluded) | Hot flashes, DVT/PE, endometrial cancer risk (uterine agonist) |
| Fulvestrant | Faslodex | SERD — pure estrogen antagonist | ER+ breast cancer (excluded) | Injection site pain, hot flashes; no endometrial CA risk |
| Anastrozole / Letrozole | Arimidex / Femara | Type 2 AI (non-steroidal, reversible) | Postmeno breast (excluded) | Arthralgia/myalgia, osteoporosis, hot flashes |
| Dactinomycin | Cosmegen | Actinomycin D (G1 — transcription inhibitor) | Wilms tumor, Ewing sarcoma, gestational trophoblastic | Myelosuppression, nausea, recall radiation dermatitis |
Created by:
cakedo6