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SUDs

TermDefinition
Substance Use Disorder Harmful pattern of substance use causing problems in life
Chronic Long-lasting illness
Progressive Gets worse over time
Relapsing May return after stopping
Intoxication Effects during substance use
Withdrawal Symptoms after stopping substance
Detoxification Safe medical withdrawal
Tolerance Need more for same effect
Blackout Memory loss during intoxication
Dual Diagnosis Substance use disorder + mental illness
Commonly Abused Substances Alcohol, opioids, cannabis, cocaine, meth, sedatives, hallucinogens, inhalants
Biologic Risk Factors Genetics, brain chemistry
Psychological Risk Factors Trauma, poor coping, mental illness
Social Risk Factors Peer pressure, poverty, drug availability
Alcohol Use Disorder Effects Poor judgment, relationship/work/legal problems
Alcohol Intoxication Signs Slurred speech, poor coordination, blackouts
Severe Alcohol Overdose Respiratory depression, Hypotension, coma, and death
Alcohol Withdrawal Starts 4–12 hrs after last drink
Mild Alcohol Withdrawal Tremors, sweating, anxiety, insomnia, nausea
Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Hallucinations, seizures, DTs
Delirium Tremens (DTs) Severe alcohol withdrawal that can be fatal includes severe confusion, agitation, fever, hallucinations, and hypertension.
Lorazepam Alcohol withdrawal treatment
Diazepam Alcohol withdrawal treatment
Chlordiazepoxide Alcohol withdrawal treatment
Disulfiram Causes sickness if alcohol is consumed
Acamprosate Reduces alcohol cravings
Naltrexone Reduces urge/cravings
Nursing Care for Alcohol Withdrawal Monitor VS, seizure precautions, reduce stimulation
Why Monitor Hydration? Prevent dehydration
Why Assess Orientation? Withdrawal can cause confusion
Why Give Benzodiazepines? Prevent seizures and DTs
Opioids Pain relief drugs with high addiction risk
Opioid Examples Heroin, fentanyl, morphine, oxycodone
Opioid Intoxication Signs Respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, sedation
Opioid Overdose Treatment Naloxone
Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Muscle aches, vomiting, sweating, cravings
Opioid Withdrawal Usually uncomfortable, not fatal
Stimulant Examples Cocaine, methamphetamine, amphetamines
Stimulant Effects Euphoria, hyperactivity, tachycardia
Stimulant Withdrawal Depression, fatigue, suicidal thoughts
Cannabis Effects Relaxation, increased appetite, dry mouth, red eyes
Cannabis Effect on Coordination Impaired coordination
Hallucinogens Drugs that distort reality/perception
Hallucinogen Examples LSD, PCP, ecstasy, psilocybin
Hallucinogen Effects Hallucinations, panic, aggression
PCP Risks Violence, seizures, hypertension
Inhalants Household chemicals inhaled for intoxication
Inhalant Examples Glue, gasoline, paint thinner
Inhalant Effects Dizziness, slurred speech, brain damage
Inhalant Danger Cardiac dysrhythmias
Nursing Care for Hallucinogens/Inhalants Low stimulation, calm communication, injury prevention
Why Monitor Airway/Oxygen? Respiratory depression may occur
Why Monitor Heart Rhythm? PCP/inhalants affect heart
Relapse Returning to substance use
Common Relapse Triggers Stress, loneliness, certain people/places
12-Step Program Example Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
AA Focus Abstinence, peer support, accountability
Relapse Prevention Nursing Care Identify triggers, routines, journaling, family support
Why Encourage Outpatient Follow-Up? Recovery is long-term
Methadone Opioid replacement
Buprenorphine/Naloxone Opioid maintenance
Priority for Opioid Overdose Airway + naloxone
Important Fact About Recovery Long-term management needed
Substance Use in Nurses Warning Signs Absences, med discrepancies, slurred speech, isolation
Created by: user-2042783
 

 



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