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cell bio exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Red blood cells placed in a 5% salt solution would do what? | would shrivel up |
| Red blood cells placed in a 0.9% solution of salt would be in a _____________________________ solution? | ionic solution |
| White blood cells remove foreign bodies like bacteria from the body by engulfing them. This process is known as _____________________________. | Phagocytosis |
| If a molecule is actively transported but needs a porter, what type of active transport is it? | carrier mediated active transport |
| The cell division that causes an organism to grow and repairs tissues is called: | mitosis |
| The cell division that produces sperm and ova is called: | meiosis |
| what is the name given to a negatively charged atom? | Anion |
| A chemical that can conduct electrical current when dissolved in water is called a(n) | electrolyte |
| Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electron pairs between two atoms | covalent |
| The chemical bonds formed between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms making up a water molecule are called | polar covalent bond |
| Which type of chemical reaction will absorb more energy than it releases? | endergonic |
| Which epithelial tissue is found lining the kidney glomerulus, and performs blood filtration | simple squamous epithelium |
| Which epithelial tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin? | Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium |
| Which epithelial tissue lines the ducts of sweat glands and oil glands | Stratified cuboidal epithelium |
| In which area would transitional epithelial cells be found | lining of urinary bladder |
| Functional classification of exocrine glands is based on | how the gland release its secretory product |
| The ________ component of connective tissue is found between the cells and fibers, and functions to support and bind cells in the tissue together. | ground substance |
| what region of atoms contains electrons? | shell |
| what type of compound is water? | inorganic |
| starting substances in a chemical reaction are called ? | reactants |
| which bond involves the force of attraction that holds together ions with opposite charges? | ionic |
| a solute that doesn't dissolve in water is called? | hydrophobic |
| a PH greater than 7 is ? | basic |
| what element always exists in a organic compound? | carbon |
| what is the cellular fluid between the plasma membrane and the nucleus called | cytoplasm |
| the larger of the mass of the diffusing particle the ______ its diffusion rate | slower |
| what transport process moves bacteria? | phagocytosis |
| define proteasome | a specialized cell that degrades unneeded and damaged proteins by cutting them into small peptides |
| what is the phase where microtubles of the miotic spindle align the chromatid pairs at the center? | metaphase |
| during meiosis genetic material is exchanged during what phase? | prophase 1 |
| this tissue covers body surfaces and hollow organs | epithelial |
| durring what phase of somatic cell division is dna replicated? | S |
| what is present in both adherens and desmosome juctions? | cadherin and plaque |
| what are two basic elements of connective tissue? | cells and extracellular matrix |
| what is the main function of fibrocartilage? | support and joining structures together |
| neurons and what other things are in nervous tissue? | neurogila |
| histology is... | study of tissues |
| 4 main tissues of the body? | connective, musular, nervous, epithial |
| what do goblet cells secrete? | mucus |
| what are the two types of layering in epithelial tissue? | simple (one layer) and stratified (multiple layers) |
| what are two types of muscle tissue that are striated | cardiac and skeletal |
| what tissue can substances rapidly diffuse through? | squamous epithelium |
| type of junction that prevents leaking? | tight junctions |
| what junction communicates between adjacent cells | gap junctions |
| blood is what kind of tissue? | conective |
| what connective tissue secretes antibodies? | plasma cells |
| an immature cell that can still divide ends with this suffix.. | -blast |
| connective tissue.... | carries out immune response |
| what is the most abundant element in the body? | oxygen |
| (water molecule picture) | 2H 2 +O 2+2H 2 O |
| (arrow picture with energy reactants) | activation energy needed with a catalyst |
| what is the most abundant compound in all living things? | water |
| 4 major elements of body? | carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, Oxygen |
| an atom with an unpaired electron on the outermost cell is... | free radical |
| opposite of hydrophobic? | hydrophilic |
| sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds forms... | protein |
| element forms the backbone of all organic molocules has major significance in the body... | carbon |
| cartilage lacks what? | any direct blood flow |
| metabolism | all chemical reactions occurring in the body |
| 3 main components of lipid bilayer of plasma membrane? | phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids |
| what influences the diffusion rate across plasma membrane? | temp, surface area |
| what type of movement across the plasma membrane is passive? | osmosis |
| gases like O2 and CO2 move through membrane by.... | simple diffusion |
| what is mostly water, site of reactions, makes up most of cells volume and contains cell nutrients? | cytosol |
| if a solute concentration is greater outside the cell than inside water will move by osmosis... | outside of the cell |
| what organelle can digest chemical components of a worn out organelle and recycle components | lysosomes |
| order of the 4 stages of mitosis? | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, teolphase |
| where can u find dense connective tissue? | ligaments |
| what is genetically programed cell death called? | apoptosis |
| examples of connective tissue? | blood dermis and tendons |
| what are fibers found in extracellular matrix of connective tissue? | collogen, elastic, reticular |
| what is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue? | osteon |
| what type of tissue provides strong attachment between structure like bone and muscle | dense regular CT |
| define adhesions? | abnormal joining o tissues from the formation of scar tissue |
| what part of neurons receives info | dendrites |
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