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Rad106 Quiz 2 Review

QuestionAnswer
What is a photon? A photon is the smallest quantity (quantum) of electromagnetic energy. It travels at the speed of light and can exist as x-rays, visible light, or radio waves
What does the inverse square law state? The inverse square law states that radiation intensity decreases as the distance from the source increases. Intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance
How are frequency and wavelength related? Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional. As frequency increases, wavelength decreases
What is the difference between x-rays and gamma rays? The only difference is their origin: X-rays are produced outside the nucleus (electron cloud) Gamma rays are produced inside the nucleus of a radioactive atom
What are the three important imaging windows of the electromagnetic spectrum? Visible light - measured in wavelength (nanometers) Radiofrequency (RF) - measured in frequency (hertz) X-rays/gamma rays - measured in energy (electron volts or keV)
What is electrostatics? Electrostatics is the study of stationary electric charges. Objects become electrified when they gain or lose electrons through friction, contact, or induction.
What is Ohm’s Law? Ohm’s Law states that voltage equals current multiplied by resistance
What is the difference between AC and DC current? Direct current (DC): electrons flow in one direction only. Alternating current (AC): electrons alternate directions in a sinusoidal pattern.
What is an electromagnet? An electromagnet is a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core that becomes magnetic when electric current passes through it
What does Faraday’s Law state? Faraday’s Law states that an electric current is induced in a conductor when it is exposed to a changing magnetic field
What are the two types of x-rays produced at the x-ray tube target? Characteristic x-rays and bremsstrahlung x-rays
What percentage of electron kinetic energy is converted into heat in the x-ray tube? Approximately 99%.
How are characteristic x-rays produced? They are produced when a projectile electron ejects an inner-shell electron and an outer-shell electron fills the vacancy, releasing energy as an x-ray
What happens to the x-ray emission spectrum when kVp is increased? Both the intensity (amplitude) and energy (shift to the right) of the spectrum increase
What is the effect of added filtration on the x-ray beam? Added filtration decreases x-ray intensity but increases the average beam energy by removing low-energy x-rays
Created by: dani.vouga04
 

 



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