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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chapter 7 | bankruptcy is a liquidation procedure used only when a corporation sees no hope of being able to operate successfully or to obtain the necessary creditor agreements. |
| Chapter 9 | bankruptcy applies to municipalities. |
| Chapter 11 | bankruptcy allows organizations to reorganize and come back after filing. |
| Chapter 12 | bankruptcy provides special relief to family farmers with debt equal to or less than $1.5 million. |
| Chapter 13 | bankruptcy is similar to Chapter 11 but available only to small businesses owned by individuals with unsecured debts of less than $100,000 and secured debts of less than $350,000. |
| Pitfalls an organization avoid in strategic planning | Control Over Decisions: Mission Development: Communication: Managerial Support: Performance Measurement: Inclusive Planning: Collaborative Climate: |
| Long-term objectives | are specific results that an organization aims to achieve over a period longer than one year. |
| Intuition | plays a crucial role in strategic management by complementing analytical processes |
| External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix | is a strategic tool used to summarize and evaluate external forces affecting an organization. total weight must equal 1.0 |
| IFE Matrix | is a strategic management tool used to evaluate a firm's internal strengths and weaknesses. It helps in assessing the effectiveness of current strategies by focusing on key functional areas such as management, marketing, finance, and operations. |
| Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) | is a strategic tool used to compare a firm with its major competitors. It evaluates key success factors within an industry, assigning weights and ratings to these factors to determine how well each firm performs relative to others. |
| planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling. | Management involves four key activities: |
| Market Segmentation: | Dividing markets into distinct subsets based on demographics or behavior. |
| Marketing Mix Variables: | Product, place, promotion, and price are used to meet consumer demands effectively. |
| five categories of financial ratios: | Liquidity Leverage Activity Profitability Growth |
| Grand Strategy Matrix | is a strategic tool used to formulate alternative strategies for organizations. It positions firms within one of four quadrants based on two dimensions: competitive position (x-axis) and market growth (y-axis). |
| Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) Matrix | helps determine the strategic posture of an organization by evaluating four dimensions: financial strength, competitive advantage, industry strength, and environmental stability. |
| What are Porter’s Five Generic Strategies | Cost Leadership Differentiation: Cost Focus: Differentiation Focus: Integrated Cost Leadership/Differentiation: |
| Five Major Types of External Forces | Economic Social, cultural, demographic, and natural environmental forces Political, Governmental, and Legal Forces Technological Forces Competitive Forces: |
| Cost Leadership: | This strategy involves becoming the lowest-cost producer in an industry. Companies achieve this by increasing efficiency and reducing costs. |
| Differentiation: | Firms using this strategy aim to offer unique products or services that are valued by customers, allowing them to charge premium prices. |
| Cost Focus: | Similar to cost leadership but targeted at a niche market, this strategy focuses on being the lowest-cost producer within a specific segment of the market. Ryanair employs this strategy by offering low-cost flights primarily within Europe. |
| Differentiation Focus: | This involves offering unique features that fulfill the demands of a niche market better than competitors do. Ferrari targets high-end consumers looking for luxury sports cars with superior performance and exclusivity. |
| Integrated Cost Leadership/Differentiation: | Some companies attempt to provide relatively low costs while also differentiating their products or services in some way, though it can be challenging to balance both aspects effectively. |
| Liquidity Ratios: | These measure a firm's ability to meet short-term obligations. Examples include the Current Ratio and Quick Ratio. |
| Leverage Ratios: | These assess the degree to which a firm is using borrowed money. Key ratios include Debt-to-Total-Assets and Debt-to-Equity. |
| Activity Ratios: | These evaluate how efficiently a firm uses its assets. Common examples are Inventory Turnover and Accounts Receivable Turnover. |
| Profitability Ratios: | These indicate how well a firm generates profit from its operations, such as Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). |
| Growth Ratios: | These reflect whether the firm is meeting shareholders' expectations, often measured by Earnings Per Share (EPS) growth. |