Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
INFECTION CONTROL
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MICRO-ORGANISM | An organism that can only be seen through a microscope, including bacteria, protozoa, algae, and fungi |
| PATHOGENIC | Causes disease |
| MEDICAL ASEPSIS | Clean technique that includes frequent hand hygiene, proper use of gloves, cleaning and sterilizing medical equipment, and sanitizing surfaces. |
| COMMUNICABLE DISEASES | An illness that is spread from one person to another or from an animal to a person or from a surface or food, |
| How is VARICELLA (chicken pox) spread? | Direct or indirect contact from infected droplets or airborne secretions |
| How is VIRAL MENINGITIS spread? | Direct contact, respiratory secretions, and oral-fecal route |
| How is BACTERIAL MENINGITIS spread? | Direct contact and infected droplets from respiratory tract |
| How is CONJUNCTIVITIS (pink eye) spread? | Direct or indirect contact with eye discharge or discharge from upper respiratory tract of infected patient |
| How does the RHINOVIRUS (common cold) spread? | Direct or indirect contact from airborne or respiratory secretion droplets |
| How is STREP THROAT spread? | Direct contact with infected individual, respiratory secretions |
| How is PERTUSSIS (whooping cough) transmitted? | Direct contact with respiratory secretion droplets |
| How is INFLUENZA (flu) transmitted? | Direct contact with respiratory secretion droplets |
| SIGN | a manifestation that can be perceived |
| SYMPTOM | a manifestation of something that is only apparent or felt by patient. |
| What are the links in the cycle if infection? | Infectious agent Reservoir/source Portal of exit Mode of transmission Portal of entry to host Susceptible host |
| NONPATHOGENS | Harmless and do not cause disease |
| NORMAL FLORA | Micro-organisms that live in or within the body witout causing disease |
| Which of the following would be considered a direct mode of transmission? A)Contact with a mosquito B)Contact with an infected person C)Contact with a pencil D)Contact with a contaminated table | B)Contact with an infected person |
| Which of the following affects the chance of a patient becoming a host for disease transmission? A)Age B)Race C)Geography D) Occupation | A)Age |
| Which of the following pathogens would the common cold fall under? A)Bacteria B)Fungi C)Virus D)Parasite | C)Virus |
| UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS | Precautions that apply when it is possible that one might come into contact with human blood, tissue, body fluids or secretions, regardless of the patients' infection status. |
| STANDARD PRECAUTIONS | Minimum infection prevention practices that apply to all patient care, regardless of known infection status. |
| PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) | Gear worn when there is a chance of coming in contact with blood or body fluids. In the health care setting, this includes gloves, gowns/aprons, shoe covers, lab coats, masks and respirators, protective eyewear, and face shields. |
| BIOHAZARD WASTE | Materials that present a potential or actual risk to the health of humans, animals, or the environment. |
| NEEDLE SAFETY AND PREVENTION ACT | Signed into law in November 2000, which requires the institution of safety measures in workplaces where there is an occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infections materials. |
| OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY and HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA) | Agency that creates regulations that employers must follow for employees to remain safe while working. |
| What are the three categories for job tasks and and the potential for exposure to blood borne pathogens? | CATEGORY I CATEGORY II CATEGORY III |
| CATEGORY I | Tasks that have a chance of body fluids or blood spilling or splashing, or tasks that can cause exposure to blood or body fluids such as a minor surgical procedure |
| CATEGORY II | Tasks that do not usually involve chance of exposure, such as CPR; precautions must still be taken |
| CATEGORY III | Tasks that do not require any PPE, such as taking a patient’s vital signs |
| What are the three additional precautions that may be needed when working with a patient with a suspected infection? | CONTACT PRECAUTIONS DROPLET PRECAUTIONS AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS |
| ENGINEERING CONTROLS | Devices used to isolate or remove the blood-borne pathogen hazard from the workplace. |
| WORKPLACE CONTROLS | Practices in the workplace that reduce the chances of exposure by changing or mandating the way a task is performed. |
| Which of the following PPE is the most widely used in a health care setting? A)Mask B)Gown C)Gloves D)Goggles | C)Gloves |
| ASEPSIS | the state of being free from disease-causing micro-organisms |
| DISINFECTION | The process of destroying pathogens or rendering them inactive on a surface or instruments. |
| MEDICAL ASEPSIS (CLEAN TECHNIQUE) | used daily in every clinical setting. The goal of medical asepsis is to reduce the number of pathogenic micro-organisms and prohibit their growth. |
| What are examples of clean or medical aseptic techniques medical assistants use on a daily basis? | Washing hands prior to/after each patient, wiped down workspace w/ sanitizing wipes between patienta, Using proper PPE, Proper cleaning of supplies, Setting up the laboratory area with a “clean” and “dirty” side, covering coughs/sneezes |
| SURGICAL ASEPSIS | the complete removal of all micro-organisms and must be used during invasive procedures. The goal of surgical asepsis is to eliminate micro-organisms from entering the body. |
| When is alchohol-based sanitizer ok to use? | In certain circumstances and when hands are not visibly soiled, an alcohol-based sanitizer with a minimum of 60% alcohol can be used. |
| When using soap and water, which of the following is the minimum amount of time that hands should be rubbed together? A)At least 5 seconds B)At least 10 seconds C)At least 15 seconds D)At least 20 seconds | C)At least 15 seconds |
| Which of the following is the minimum alcohol content in an alcohol-based sanitizer that can be used in a health care setting? A)40% B)50% C)60% D)75% | C) 60% |
| SANITATION | The cleaning process that reduces the number of micro-organisms to a safe level. |
| What are the three levels of disinfectants? | Low-level EX: Hydrogen Peroxide Intermediate level EX: Isopropyl alcohol High level EX: Cidex OPA |
| (SAFETY DATA SHEETS (SDSs) | MUST INLCUDE: ID(Product) Hazard ID, Composition/Ingredients, First-aid measures, Fire-fighting measures, Accidental release measures, Handling/storage, Exposure controls/ppe, Physical and chemical props,stability/reactivity, Toxicological Info. |
| Which of the following must be included in the SDS? A)Disposal considerations B)First-aid measures C)Regulatory information D)Handling and storage E)Composition/ingredients | B)First-aid measures D)Handling and storage E)Composition/ingredients |
| What is the primary method medical facilities use to sterilize equipment? | AUTOCLAVE |
| How do AUTOCLAVES work? | uses moist heat and pressure to achieve sterilization |
| How long is an item considered sterile if packaging stays intact and kept dry? | 30 days |
| What is the recommended temperature an autoclave must reach? | Between 250 and 270 degrees F. |
| How long are unwrapped items generally sterilized for? | 20 minutes |
| How long are wrapped items generally sterilized for? | 30 minutes |
| What is the most widely used cycle in the ambulatory health care facility? | Gravity cycle; this is used to sterilize stainless steel instruments |
| What can be used to wrap instruments prior to autoclaving? | Wrapping can be performed using disposable double-ply autoclave paper or peel-apart polypropylene pouches. When using autoclave paper, it is recommended to use at least two layers to maintain sterilization. |
| When do sterilization indicators change colors? | ONLY when sterilization is achieved by steam reaching its optimum temp for the required length of time. |
| What type of sterilization is used for instruments that cannot tolerate the high temps of the autoclave? | Chemical Sterilization |
| How long must instruments placed in a chemical bath stay submerged? | 8 hours with a closed lid Best used for items such as endoscopes |
| To ensure all equipment is sterilized, which of the following is the recommended temperature for the autoclave? A)200° F B)212° F C)220° F D)250° F | D)250° F |
| What two things need to be completed prior to sterilization? | Sanitization and disinfection |
| Which of the following are when an exposure control plan should be reviewed with an employee? A)Every 4 years B)Annually C)Semi-annually D)Upon hire | B)Annually D) Upon hire |
Created by:
lizd3281