What is the purpose of the GI system?

Break down food into nutrients, absorb nutrients into the blood stream and eliminate waste.

The rhythmic movement of muscles contracting that moves food through the GI system.

What can happen to patients who haven't had a bowel movement in days?

The intestines can distend and even tear.

What is a gastrointestinal hemorrhage?

Rupture of blood vessels supplying GI tract.

What does a "coffee ground" appearance in vomit indicate?

Internal bleeding in the upper GI tract. (May be an older bleed/digested)

What does fluid loss occur secondary to?

Prolonged vomiting, GI hemorrhage and diarrhea.

What can fluid loss lead to?

Electrolyte imbalance, malnutrition and dehydration.

What is peptic ulcer disease?

Erosion of the layer of mucus in the stomach

What is cholecystitis? What can it cause?

Obstruction of the bile duct by a stone from the gallbladder. Causes inflammation and pain.

What is pancreatitis?

Blockage of the pancreatic duct leads to a buildup of enzymes in pancreas.

What is gastroenteritis?

Infectious diseases presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms

How do the signs and symptoms of GI problems present themselves? What types of pain present?

Symptoms are often general and non-specific. Referred pain(Pain in region other than source organ) and visceral pain(Nonspecific pain).

How do you manage patients with GI problems?

Keep the patient comfortable, manage the airway(vomiting), high flow O2 if needed, pain management if needed and rapid transport as needed. (Unstable vitals, signs of shock.)

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GI System

Question	Answer
What is the purpose of the GI system?	Break down food into nutrients, absorb nutrients into the blood stream and eliminate waste.
What is peristalsis?	The rhythmic movement of muscles contracting that moves food through the GI system.
What can happen to patients who haven't had a bowel movement in days?	The intestines can distend and even tear.
What is a gastrointestinal hemorrhage?	Rupture of blood vessels supplying GI tract.
What does a "coffee ground" appearance in vomit indicate?	Internal bleeding in the upper GI tract. (May be an older bleed/digested)
What does fluid loss occur secondary to?	Prolonged vomiting, GI hemorrhage and diarrhea.
What can fluid loss lead to?	Electrolyte imbalance, malnutrition and dehydration.
What is peptic ulcer disease?	Erosion of the layer of mucus in the stomach
What is cholecystitis? What can it cause?	Obstruction of the bile duct by a stone from the gallbladder. Causes inflammation and pain.
What is pancreatitis?	Blockage of the pancreatic duct leads to a buildup of enzymes in pancreas.
What is gastroenteritis?	Infectious diseases presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms
How do the signs and symptoms of GI problems present themselves? What types of pain present?	Symptoms are often general and non-specific. Referred pain(Pain in region other than source organ) and visceral pain(Nonspecific pain).
How do you manage patients with GI problems?	Keep the patient comfortable, manage the airway(vomiting), high flow O2 if needed, pain management if needed and rapid transport as needed. (Unstable vitals, signs of shock.)

Created by: Levelstorm3950

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