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chapter 2

TermDefinition
human genome all of the DNA of the human species
human genome project international project that consisted of finding the entire human genome.
autosomes chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics that are unrelated to sex.
sex chromosomes females are xx and males are xy
linked genes genes that are located on the same chromosome
sex-linked genes genes located on the sex chromosomes
x-linked genes genes on the x chromosome
genetic trait characteristics that are encoded in DNA
pedigree tool that shows how the earlobe trait was passed from generation to generation within a family
multiple allele traits traits controlled by a single gene with more than two alleles
pleiotropy when a single gene affects more than one trait
epistasis one gene affects the expression of another gene
nondisjunction result of mistakes that occur during meiosis
gene therapy one potential cure for genetic disorders
linkage map shows the location of genes on a chromosome
biotechnology use of technology to change the genetic makeup of living things for human purposes
gene cloning the process of isolating and making copies of gene
recombinant DNA the DNA that results
genetic engineering changing an organism by inserting the recombinant DNA into a living cell.
sex-linked traits traits controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes
x-linked traits traits controlled by genes on the x chromosome
polymerase chain reaction makes copies of a gene or other DNA segment
pharmacogenomics new field where researchers look at how to tailor medical treatments to our genetic profiles.
synthetic biology new field that is making biology easier to engineer so that new functions can be derived from living systems.
transgenic crops crops that are genetically modified with new genes that code for traits useful for humans.
Created by: hykzoe
 

 



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