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history
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| department stores | large stores with many different selections, selling different products |
| chain stores | multiple stores owned by the same company |
| mail order business | buying goods through catalogs shipped by mail |
| vertical integration | one company controls all steps of production |
| horizontal integration | one company buys competing businesses |
| laissez-faire | government stays out of business/economy |
| wage salary | workers trapped in low paying jobs |
| knights of labor | early labor union open to workers |
| American federation of labor | union for skilled workers led by Samuel Gompers |
| urban machine | political group controlling a city through favors and jobs |
| machine bosses | leader of a political machine |
| women's Christian temperance union | group pushing for alcohol bans |
| anti saloon league | organization supporting prohibition |
| 16th amendment | allowed federal income tax |
| 17th amendment | direct election of senators |
| 18th amendment | started prohibition |
| 19th amendment | gave women the right to vote |
| espionage act | law against interfering with war efforts |
| sedation act 1918 | banned criticism of the government during WWI |
| selective service act 1917 | military draft law |
| national origins act 1924 | limmited immigration quotas |
| bolshevik | Russian communist revolutionary |
| red scare | fear of communism in the US |
| Harlem Renaissance | African American cultural movement in the 1920s |
| multinational corporations | companies operating in several countries |
| oligopoly | industry controlled by a few businesses |
| great migration | movement of African Americans north for jobs |
| welfare capitalism | businesses improving worker benefits to avoid unions |
| muckraking | investigative journalism exposing corruption |
| initiative | citizens propose laws directly |
| recall | voters remove elected officials |
| referendum | voters approve or reject laws |
| prohibition | banning alcohol |
| yellow press | exaggerated or sensational journalism |
| self determination | right of people to choose their own government |
| securities act | required honesty in stock sales |
| Wagner peyser act | created employment services |
| home owners loan act | helped homeowners avoid foreclosure |
| national industrial recovery act | tried to boost economy during depression |
| glass steagall act | separation commercial and investment banking |
| tennessee valley authority act | created jobs and electricity projects |
| emergency banking act | stabilized banks during Great depression |
| civilian conservation act | jobs program for young men |
| agricultural adjustment act | paid farmers to reduce production |
| federal emergency relief act | gave federal aid to unemployed people |
| lend lease act | supplied allies before US entered WWII |
| Atlantic charter | goals for postwar world by FDR and churchill |
| eastern front | fighting between Germany and Soviet Union |
| allies | nations fighting the axis powers in WWII |
| axis powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan in WWII |
| greater East Asia co prosperity sphere | japans plan to control and dominate asian countries economically and politically during WWII |
| blitzkrieg | fast surprise military attack, German |
| Yalta conference | meeting of allied leaders about postwar Europe |
| postdam declaration | demand for japan to surrender |
| Manhattan project | secret project to build atomic bomb |
| national security cousin paper 68 | cold war plan calling for military build up |
| containment | stopping spread of communism |
| cold war | tension between US and Soviet Union |
| marshall plan | US aid to rebuild Europe |
| Berlin blockade | Soviet attempt to cut off west Berlin |
| levittown | mass produced suburban housing |
| redlining | denying loans based on neighborhood race |
| dixiecrats | Southern democrats supporting segregation |
| house committee on un-american activities | investigated suspected communists |
| McCarthyism | accusing people of communism without proof |
| GI bill of rights | benefits for the WWII veterans |
| taft-harley act | limited labor union power |
| Truman doctrine | US policy supporting countries against communism |
| Warsaw project | military alliance of Soviet bloc nations |
| NATO | alliance of western nations |
| massive retaliation | threat of major nuclear response |
| new frontier | JFK's domestic program |
| Berlin wall | wall separating Eat and West Berlin |
| viet cong | communist fighters in south Vietnam |
| alliance for progress | US aid program for Latin America |
| freedom summer | 1964 voter registration drive in the South |
| SNCC | student nonviolent coordinating committee |
| CORE | congress of racial equality |
| SCLC | Southern Christian leadership conference |
| Southern manifesto | statement opposing school desegregation |
| bay of pigs | failed US backed invasion of Cuba |
| limited test ban treaty | banned nuclear testing in atmosphere/space/water |
| gulf of tonkin resolution | gave president power to expand Vietnam war |
| medicare basic | health insurance for elderly |
| medicaid supplementary | health insurance for low income people |
| detente | easing tensions between US and Soviet union |
| Watergate | political scandal leading to Nixons resignation |
| pentagon papers | leaked documents about Vietnam war |
| organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC) | oil producing nations organization |
| deindustrialization | decline of manufacturing industries |
| search and destroy | military missions targeting enemy forces |
| selective service system | US military draft system |
| stonewall rebellion | 1969 protest important to LGBTQ rights movement |
| black panthers | militant black power organization |
| nation of islam | black nationalist religious movement |
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