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Judicial branch
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| crime | break law, punishment established |
| criminal law | part of the legal system, deals with crimes, actions that are harmful of dangerous to society |
| civil law | resolving disagreements between individuals or groups, not against state |
| common law | law develops from judges' decisions |
| precedent | earlier court decisions that guides judges' decisions later cases |
| constitutional law | law based on US Constitution, Supreme Court decisions |
| appeal | right of convicted person to ask higher court review case |
| jurisdiction | area of authority to hear court case, enforce the law |
| district courts | lower federal courts have original jurisdiction in most cases involving federal |
| courts of appeals | federal courts have original appealed from district courts |
| justices | title given to judges of Supreme Court |
| judicial review | power of Supreme Court; determines if law passed by Congress/presidential action goes against the constitution |
| opinion | written statement by US supreme court explaining reasoning behind decision |
| concurring opinion | statement written by supreme court justice who agrees with majority's decision but for different reasons |
| dissenting opinion | statement written by supreme court justice who disagrees with majority's decision |