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micro pathogens
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| causes whooping cough | Bordetella pertussis |
| causes lyme disease, vector- deertick | Borrelia burgdorferi |
| causes anthrax, transmitted from spores in soil | Bacillus anthracis |
| causes botulism, requires an infection- spores/food intox, causes rigid paralysis | Clostridium botulinum |
| causes tetanus from puncture wounds or spores in soil, causes rigid paralysis | Clostridium tetani |
| causes clamydia and Pelvic inflammatory disease, spread by sexual contact, obligate intracellular- cannot make ATP | Chlamydia trachomatis |
| causes acne, normal microbiota, direct contact, makes acid from our sebum | Cutibacterium acnes |
| causes gastroenteritis and UTIs, spread fecal-oral, contaminated meat/produce, dangerous strains containing genes from Shigella are found in cattle | Escherichia coli |
| causes pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, spread by respiratoy droplets, capsule is endotoxin | Haemophilus influenzae |
| causes peptic ulcers, spread fecal-oral route, toxins like urese, proteases, phospholipases, apoptosis toxin | Helicobacter pylori |
| causes pneumonia spread respiratory, major cause of nosocomial pneumonia | Legionella pneumophila |
| causes listeriosis, foodborne, intracellular survival crosses BBB and placenta, dangerous in pregnancy | Listeria monocytogenes |
| causes leprosy, spread by direct contact/armadillos, intracellular-causes nerve damage | Mycobacterium leprae |
| causes tuberculosis, airborne, mycolic acids-intracellular survival, leading global killler | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| causes walking pneumonia, respiratory droplets, no cell wall, mild pneumonia | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| causes meningitis, respiratory droplets, capsule endotoxin, rapid deadly | Neisseria meningitidis |
| causes impetigo, scalded skin syndrome, food poisoning, spread by direct contact, uses superantigens, hemolysins, exfoliative toxins, major cause of nosocomial pathogens | Staphylococcus aureus |
| opportunistic pathogen healthcare associated infections, direct contact, able to form biofilms, less virulent then staph aureus | Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| causes meningitis, pneumonia, otitis media, spread by respiratory droplets, is opportunisitc and evades macrophages with capsule | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| necrotizing fasciitis, erysipelas, strep throat, spread by direct contact, streptolysin hyaluronic acid capsule, M protein, causes rheumatic fever | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| causes syphilis, sexually transmitted, can be latent for years, immune evasion, crosses blood brain barrier, 3 stage disease, Magic Johnson had it | Treponema pallidum |
| caused the bubonic plague, septicemic plague, and pneumonic plague (doesnt require vector), vector- fleas infected rodents, aerosols | Yersinia pestis |
| causes malaria, mosquito vector, RBC lysis; anemia, major global killer | Plasmodium spp. |
| causes toxoplasmosis, from cats/undercooked meat, forms cysts | Toxoplasma gondii |
| causes shigellosis/bacillary dysentery, fecal oral, makes toxin, kills epithelial cells of intestine, has very low ID50 | Shigella sonnei |
| causes salmonellosis and typhoid fever, fecal-oral, invades epithelial cells and causes inflammation of intestine, can become invasive into lymphatic system, normal microbiota of chicken and reptiles | Salmonella enterica |
| causes cholera, contaminated water, causes sever dehydrating diarrhea, has a high ID50 | Vibrio cholera |
| causes measles, extremely contagious, airborne, high R value, starts with a rash spotted lesions, was eliminated coming back | measles virus |
| causes COVID-19, respiratory droplets, spike binds ACE2; cytoking storm | coronavirus |
| causes poliomyelitis, fecal-oral, infects motor neurons-paralysis, nearly eradicated | polio virus |
| causes rabies from animal bites, slow CNS migration, once systematic fatal | rabies virus |
| causes influenza, respiratory droplets, antigenic drift/shift, annual epidemics | influenza virus |
| causes genital and oral herpes, direct contact, gets into spinal cord stays latent gets activated, DNA virus | Herpes Simplex virus |
| causes chicken pox, and reemerges as shingles (herpes zoster virus), aeroslized/direct, binds to mucus membranes, replicates, stays in dorsal root ganglion, gets reactivated as shingles, DNA virus | Varicella zoster virus |
| causes AIDs, sexual, blood, vertical contact, spike that kills immune cells, reemerging disease | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| causes west nile fever, mosquito-vector, crosses BBB, high in SD | West Nile virus |
| causes zika, mosquito- vector, STI, infects neural tissue, brazil outbreak | Zika virus |
| causes monkeypox, zoonotic transmission- african rodents/squirrels, still ongoing outbreak, causes lesions | monkey pox |
| causes smallpox, causes damaging skin vesicles, erradicated by WHO vaccine | small pox |
| causes viral gastroenteritis, fecal-oral, capsid itself toxic to intestinal cells, cruise ship outbreaks | norovirus |
| causes dental cavities | Streptococcus mutans |
| tope 5 leading pathogens | Streptococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 3 most common causes of bacterial meningitis | Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis |
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