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Unit 5 Study Guide
Unit 5 Study Guide (Science)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Receptors respond to specific stimuli | Eyes-light, nose-smell, ears-sound, and skin-temperature/touch |
| Nervous system coordination | Receptors → nerve signals → brain processing → muscle response (reflex pathway) |
| Cystic fibrosis | A disease that causes problems moving salt/water across cell membranes, causing breathing issues. |
| Nucleus | Stores genetic material |
| Cell membrane | Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell |
| Cell wall (plants) | Provides structure and support |
| Chloroplasts (plants) | Perform photosynthesis |
| Mitochondrion | Produces energy for the cell |
| Cytoplasm | Gel-like material that holds organelles |
| Cell theory basics | All living things are made of one or more cells |
| Types of microscopes mentioned and their use | Light, electron, fluorescence |
| Evidence that something is living | Contains cells, can grow, respond to stimuli, reproduce |
| Diseases caused by organelle or cell-membrane problems | Cystic fibrosis affects cell membrane function |
| Homeostasis and how body systems work together to maintain internal conditions | Circulatory + respiratory improves oxygen delivery |
| Tissue | Many similar cells working together |
| Cell | The smallest unit of life |
| Organ | Different tissues working together to do a job |
| Organ system | Organs that work together to perform major functions (e.g., circulatory system) |
| Organism | A complete living thing (an animal, plant, fungus, or single-celled microbe). |
| Homeostasis | Keeping internal conditions stable (like body temperature) |
| Multicellular | Made of many cells (ex: human) |
| Unicellular | Made of one cell (ex: amoeba) |
| Receptor | A cell or structure that detects a specific stimulus (light, sound, smell, temperature) |
| Reflex | A fast, automatic response (often via nerve pathways) |