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Court Cases

Court Cases-8th grade History

TermDefinition
Marbury v Madison A landmark Supreme Court case in 1803 that established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Court to invalidate laws that conflict with the Constitution.
Worcester v Georgia A Supreme Court case that ruled that the state of Georgia could not impose its laws on Native American lands, affirming tribal sovereignty.
Roe v Wade A pregnant woman in Texas, using the alias "Jane Roe," sued her local district attorney (Henry Wade) to challenge a Texas law that banned abortions except to save the mother's life.
Mapp v Ohio In 1957, police searched Dollree Mapp’s home without a valid warrant and found obscene materials. The Supreme Court of the United States ruled illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in state courts.
Brown v Board of Education Oliver Brown sued because his daughter had to attend a segregated school farther from home. The Supreme Court ruled school segregation unconstitutional.
Miranda v Arizona Ernesto Miranda confessed to police without being told his rights. The Supreme Court ruled suspects must be informed of their rights before questioning.
McCulloch v Maryland Maryland taxed the national bank, and James McCulloch refused to pay. The Supreme Court ruled states cannot tax federal institutions.
Plessy v Ferguson Homer Plessy was arrested for sitting in a whites-only train car. The Supreme Court upheld segregation under “separate but equal.”
Gideon v Wainwright Clarence Gideon could not afford a lawyer, and the court denied him one. The Supreme Court ruled states must provide lawyers to poor defendants.
Tinker v Des Moines Students were suspended for wearing black armbands protesting the Vietnam War. The Supreme Court ruled students have free speech rights in school.
Created by: hadleyalston30
 

 



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