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Science Final
Cottonwood
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Science | A way of learning about the natural world and the knowledge gained through the process. |
| Observing | The process of using one or more tof your senses to gather information. |
| Quantitative Observation | An observation that deals with a number or amount. |
| Qualitative Observation | An observation that deals with characteristics that cannot be expressed in numbers. |
| Inferring | The process of making an inference, an interpretation based on observations and prior knowledge. |
| Atom | The basic particle from which all elements are made. |
| Electron | A negatively charged particle that is foudn outside the nucleus of an atom. |
| Nucleus | The central core of the atom, containing protons and usually neutrons. |
| Proton | A positively charged particle that is part of an atom's nucleus. |
| Energy level | A region of an atom in which electrons of the same energy are likely to be found. |
| Valence electron | The electrons that are in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical reactions. |
| Electron dot diagram | A representation of the valence electrons in an atom, using dots. |
| Chemical bond | The force that holds atoms together. |
| Ion | An atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged. |
| Polyatomic ion | An ion that is made of more than one atom. |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes us space. |
| Chemistry | The study of the properties of matter and how matter changes. |
| Physical property | A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing into another substance. |
| Chemical property | A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into a different substance. |
| Physical change | A change in a substance that does not change its identity. |
| Motion | The state in which one object's distance from another is changing. |
| Reference point | A place or an object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion. |
| International System of Units | The system of units used by scientists to measure the properties of matter. |
| Meter | The basic SI unit of length. |
| Speed | The distance an object travels per unit of time. |
| Force | A push or pull exerted on an object. |
| Newton | A unit of measure that equals the force required to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at 1 meter per second per second |
| Net force | The overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on it are added together. |
| Unbalanced forces | Forces that produce a nonzero net force, which changes an object's motion. |
| Balanced forces | Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions. |
| Energy | The ability to do work or cause change; the ability to move an object some distance. |
| Kinetic energy | Energy an object has due to its motion. |
| Potential energy | Stored energy that results from teh position or shape of an object. |
| Gravitational potential energy | Potential energy that depends on the height of an object. |
| Elastic potential energy | The energy of stretched or compressed objects. |
| Wave | A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place. |
| Energy | The ability to do work or cause change. |
| Medium | The material through which a wave travels. |
| Mechanical wave | A wave that requires a medium through which to travel. |
| Vibration | A repeated back and forth or up and down motion. |
| Echo | A reflected sound wave. |
| Elasticity | The ability of a material to bounce back after being disturbed. |
| Density | The ratio of the mass of a susbstance to its volume. |
| Loudness | Perception of the energy of sound. |
| Intensity | The amount of energy per second carried through a unit area by a wave. |
| Electromagnetic Wave | Transverse waves that trasnfer electrical and magnetic energy. |
| Electromagnetic Radiation | The energy transferred through space by electromagnetic waves. |
| Polarized Light | Light that vibrates in only one direction. |
| Photoelectric Effect | The ejection of electrons from a substance when light is shined on it. |
| Photon | A tiny particle or packet of light energy. |
| Magnet | Any material that attracts iron and materials that contain iron. |
| Magnetic Pole | The ends of a magnetic object where the magnetic force is strongest. |
| Magnetic Force | A force produced when magnetic poles interact. |
| Magnetic Field | The region around a magnet where the magnetic force is exerted. |
| Magnetic Field Lines | Invisible lines that map out the magnetic field around a magnet. |
| Electromagnetism | The relationship between electricity and magnetism. |
| Solenoid | A coil of wire with a current that acts as a bar magnet. |
| Electromagnet | A magnet created by wrapping a coil of wire with a current around a ferromagnetic core. |
| Galvanometer | A device that uses an electromagnet to detect small amounts of current. |
| Electric motor | A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy. |
| Electric force | The attraction or repulsion between electric charges. |
| Electric Field | The region around a charged object where the object's electric force ineracts with other charged objects. |
| Static Electricity | A buildup of charges on an object. |
| Conservation of Charge | The law that states that charges are neither created nor destroyed but only transferred from one material to another. |
| Friction | The force that one surface exerts on another when the two surfaces rub against each other. A method of charging an object by rubbing it against another object. |
| Kinetic energy | Energy an object has due to its motion. |
| Potential energy | Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object. |
| Gravitational potential energy | Potential energy that depends on the height of an object. |
| Elastic potential energy | The energy of stretched or compressed objects. |
| Mechanical energy | Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an object. |
Created by:
helen claire13!