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T+ Lesson 10

QuestionAnswer
antimalware Software designed to detect and remove viruses and other malware. Sometimes called antivirus.
availability A security state in which information and systems are always available to authorized users.
baiting Attackers offer something the victim wants, such as a free version of a popular game, to get them to click a malicious link or download malware.
behavioral security Cybersecurity that focuses on understanding and analyzing human behavior.
black-hat hacker A hacker who hacks without the consent of the system owner; compare to white-hat hacker.
cache To save a copy of files that have been previously accessed, for faster re-access to them later.
certificate authority A trusted third-party company that issues a security certificate used to validate an online identity.
CIA triad Confidentiality, integrity, and availability, the three qualities that systems and data should continuously offer to users.
client-side scripts Scripts that run on the user’s device rather than on the web server.
confidentiality A security state in which information and systems are available only to authorized users and subsystems.
cookies Small text files stored on the user’s local system, used to remember their history with a certain website.
cybercriminal Someone who uses a computer to commit crimes.
first-party cookie A cookie that is placed on a client system by the server being accessed.
firewall A hardware device or software utility that thwarts some hacking attempts by blocking unauthorized access to software ports.
Flash A now-obsolete multimedia software platform that delivered interactive content on web pages.
hacker Someone who gains or seeks to gain unauthorized access to a system or its data.
impersonation Attackers pretend to be someone they are not to trick victims into revealing information or taking action.
integrity A security state in which information and systems are not modified, deleted, or disabled without authorization to do so.
Java applet Small app written in Java that can be embedded in web pages to provide dynamic and interactive content.
malware Software designed to violate some part of the CIA triad. A virus is one type of malware.
penetration testing The work that a white-hat hacker does to try to break into a system to test its security.
phishing Attackers sending messages that appear to be from legitimate sources but contain malicious links or attachments designed to steal credentials or install malware.
pop-up A small extra window that appears spontaneously when you visit a certain website.
pretexting Attackers creating a fabricated scenario or pretext to elicit sensitive information.
principle of least privilege A security best practice in which users and accounts receive only the permissions they need and are denied all others.
privacy Protection from confidentiality attacks.
proxy server An intermediary server that serves as a gateway between a device or LAN and the internet.
quid pro quo Attackers promising something in return for information or access.
scareware Attackers create a sense of urgency or fear to convince victims to take actions that are against their best interests.
security Protection from integrity and availability attacks.
social engineering A tactic used to manipulate and deceive people into divulging confidential information, performing actions, or making decisions that compromise security.
strong password A password that is difficult to guess or crack.
third-party cookie A cookie placed on the client system by a company or individual other than the owner of the website being accessed.
white-hat hacker Someone who is hired to try to break into a system to test its security.
whitelist A list of allowed applications; all other applications will be blocked.
zero-day exploit An exploit that targets an unpatched weakness in an OS or app.
Created by: brvhurt
 

 



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