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T+ Lesson 4

QuestionAnswer
APFS A modern file system for macOS; replaced the older HPF+ system.
cloud storage Secure storage accessed via the internet.
command prompt An interface for working with a file system using typed text commands.
compression A file system feature that makes files take up less space.
directory An organizing unit on a storage device for grouping related files. Also called a folder.
disk (1) A storage medium consisting of one or more spinning platters. (2) Generically, any non-volatile storage medium.
disk drive (1) A drive used for reading disks. (2) Generically, any non-volatile storage medium.
Disk Management A Windows system utility for managing storage devices.
Disk Utility A macOS utility for managing storage devices.
encryption A file system feature that makes files unreadable if someone tries to access them outside of the OS’s specified access permissions.
eSATA An external version of SATA, offering the same speed and convenience as internal SATA but for an external drive.
ext4 The default file system on Linux PCs.
FAT32 An older file system still used today in situations where compatibility between operating systems is essential. Lacks features such as compression and encryption.
file extension A code that appears after a file’s name, separated from it by a period, that indicates the file’s type.
file server A computer dedicated to storing and retrieving files for multiple users on a network.
file system A set of rules for naming, storing, and organizing files on a storage device.
flash memory Solid-state storage that does not require any electricity to retain its data.
folder An organizing unit on a storage device for grouping related files. Also called a directory.
formatting Preparing a storage device for use, after partitioning, by establishing a file system.
GPT GUID Partition Table, a modern partitioning scheme that has largely replaced MBR.
HDD Hard disk drive. (1) A storage device that uses metal platters in a sealed box to store data in patterns of magnetic polarity. (2) Generically, the main storage drive in a desktop or laptop PC.
HFS+ An older file system for macOS that has been largely replaced by APFS.
journaling file system A file system feature that makes a note of each change to a file or folder before it is made.
M.2 A type of modern SSD interface that enables a SSD’s circuit board to attach directly to the motherboard.
MBR Master Boot Record, an older type of partitioning scheme that is now largely replaced by GPT.
NAS Network-attached storage, a network-enabled box that contains one or more storage drives that can be accessed via the network.
non-volatile Not subject to change. Used in reference to storage that retains its data even when no electricity is applied to it.
NTFS New Technology File System, a modern file system used primarily on Windows systems. Has many features, including compression and encryption.
optical storage Storage that uses a laser and a light sensor to detect patterns of reflectivity on a CD or DVD.
partitioning Preparing a storage device for use by creating one or more partitions that can be formatted.
PATA Parallel ATA, a storage interface used on older HDDs and older optical drives that is now obsolete.
permissions Rules governing who can work with certain stored files and what they can do with them.
SATA Serial ATA, a storage interface used on modern HDDs; some SSDs also use it.
solid-state Having no moving parts.
SSD Solid-state drive, a storage device that uses flash memory to store data.
spindle speed A measurement of the speed at which the platters in a HDD rotate, which is a factor in the HDD’s read/write speed.
storage Any medium that is able to hold data for any length of time.
volatile Subject to change. Volatile memory loses its data if it is not constantly refreshed.
volume A partition with a drive letter assigned to it.
cloud backup Written directly to storage provided by a cloud vendor.
character encoding The storage and process of text values instead of numbers.
Created by: brvhurt
 

 



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