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GT may 18 26
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Caravel | A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic; used for long voyages at great speed from 15th to 17th centuries; used for exploration, not trade |
| Lateen Sail | triangular sail that made it possible to sail against the wind; used in the Indian Ocean trade |
| Bartholomew Diaz | (1487-1488) Portuguese, first European to reach the southern tip of Africa "the Cape of Good Hope" in 1488. |
| Henry the Navigator | (1394-1460) Portuguese prince who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa; sponsored seafaring expeditions to search for an all-water route to the east; impor |
| Vasco da Gama | Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route for Europeans |
| Asante Empire | African empire established along the Gold Coast among Akan people |
| British East India Company | A British joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political, social, and economic life in India for more than 200 years. |
| Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus' voyages. |
| Dutch East India Company | Government Dutch-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. |
| Kingdom of Kongo | Basin of the Congo (Zaire) river, conglomeration of several village alliances, participated actively in trade networks, most centralized rule of the early Bantu kingdoms, royal currency: cowries, ruled 14th-17th century |
| chattel slavery | Absolute legal ownership of another person, including the right to buy or sell that person. |
| Encomienda | A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it |
| Hacienda | Spanish estates in the Americas that were often plantations. They often represent the gradual removal of land from peasant ownership and a type of feudalistic order where the owners of would have agreements of loyalty bu |
| indentured servitude | A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. Before 1800 most were Europeans; after 1800 most indentured laborers were Asian |
| Mita System | economic system in Inca society where people paid taxes with their labor and what they produced; later exploited by the Spanish as they forced Incas to mine silver |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | A 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would bel |
| Transatlantic slave trade | The brutal system of trading African Slaves from Africa to the Americas. It changed the economy, politics, and environment. It affected Africa, Europe, and America. It implies that slaves were used for cash crops and cre |
| Triangular Trade | A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa |
| joint-stock company | A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts; used by European rulers to finance exploration and were use |
| Mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought; colonies were crucial in the accumulation of weal |
| Omani-European Rivalry | A trade rivalry between the Omani of the Middle East and the European traders. Lead to Christopher Columbus seeking an alternate trade route to India. |
| Vodun or voodoo | is a New World syncretic faith that combines the animist faiths of West Africa with Roman Catholic Christianity; evidence of the syncretism created when European and African beliefs merged in the Americas |
| casta system | A system in colonial Spain of determining a person's social importance according to different racial categories. |
| Peninsulares | Spanish-born, came to Latin America; ruled, highest social class. |
| Creoles | Descendants of Spanish-born but born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, economic status. |
| Mestizo | The term used by Spanish authorities to describe someone of mixed native American and European descent. |
| Mulatto | The term used in Spanish and Portuguese colonies to describe someone of mixed African and European descent. |
Created by:
mfsusboy