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GeoPol_FINALS
India & Pakistan
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| - Population: around 1.3 billion - Seen as an emerging world power - Has a growing economy and an expanding middle class Stronger in many economic and democratic indicators | India |
| - Population: around 182 million - Described as poorer, politically unstable, and fragmented - Often defines itself in opposition to India - Still deeply focused on the rivalry with India | Pakistan |
| Pakistan would not be considered a major threat to India if it did not have? | nuclear weapons |
| - this stayed with India. - This mattered because it had a major port and an important banking sector. - East Pakistan lost access to this major economic center. | Calcutta (Kolkata) |
| The word Pakistan has two meanings: | “Pak” = pure “Stan” = land “Land of the Pure” |
| - This dominate politically and socially. - Other groups often feel ignored, underrepresented, and controlled by outsiders. | The Punjabis |
| Pakistan’s official language is | Urdu |
| - They resent Punjabi dominance - Some feel they are treated like second-class citizens | Sindh |
| - have a long history of resisting outside rule. - Some areas were called the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). | Pashtuns |
| - is divided between India and Pakistan - Many of them want independence - But India and Pakistan both oppose its independence - Both want to control the territory (India, Pakistan, China) | Kashmir |
| - has its own independence movement. - It is strategically critical for Pakistan as it makes up almost 45% of Pakistan’s land area. - It contains much of Pakistan’s natural gas and important mineral wealth. - “Without them, there is no Pakistan.” | Baluchistan |
| The border between Afghanistan and Pakistan is called the - It split ethnic and tribal groups, especially Pashtuns. - Many people in the region never accepted it as a “real” border. | Durand Line - It was drawn in 1893 by Sir Mortimer Durand. |
| The Afghan-Pakistani border region is sometimes called | Pashtunistan |
| Described like an urban Taliban military-industrial complex. | Peshawar (in Pakistan). |
| The U.S. found Osama bin Laden in ? , a Pakistani military town. | Abbottabad, a Pakistani military town |
| - a deep-water port that has become a key asset in international geopolitics. - central to China-Pakistan relations. | Gwadar port (Baluchistan region) |
| Site of a skirmish between India and Pakistan at 22,000 feet, marking the highest military battle in history. | Siachen Glacier |
| Military Victory: The Pakistani military defeats the Taliban in the | North-West Frontier (NWFP). |
| A disputed territory claimed by China as part of Tibet. | Arunachal Pradesh |
| The Bodo and Muslim groups seeking autonomy or independence. | Assam Movement |
| India’s strategy to counterbalance China’s influence. | India’s “Look East” Policy |
| The natural barrier between India and China. | Himalayas |
| The rivalry between nuclear-armed states, especially India and Pakistan. | Nuclear arms |
| - signed by India and Pakistan on September 19, 1960 - India controls the eastern rivers - Pakistan controls the western rivers - However, water remains a critical strategic issue, and it has become an increasingly strategic issue in South Asia. | Indus Waters Treaty |
| - famous for his teaching of non-violence, he was leading the independence movement with the concept of non-violence, the love-horse or truth horse (satya graha), civil disobedience, and no cooperation. | Mahatma Ghandi |
| First Prime Minister of India | Jahal Warrar Nerhu |
| (Founder of Pakistan and First President of Pakistan) | Muhammad Ali Jina |
Created by:
Mayel