Insulin antagonist, Anti-hypoglycemic

Glucagon is a pancreatic hormone that, together with insulin, helps to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Glucagon acts on liver glycogen, converting it to glucose (glycogenolysis). This causes a temporary increase in blood glucose levels.

Known or suspected hypoglycemia

(HIPP) Hypersensitivity, Insulinoma(Pancreas Tumor), Pediatric(Under 4 yrs), Pheochromocytoma(adrenal gland tumor)

Nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure

IM: 1 mg, IN: 3 mg IN, administered into one nostril (Pre formulated device)

Pediatric Considerations and Dosing

IM 1 mg IN administration for children over 4: 3 mg administered as one actuation of the intranasal device into one nostril

Onset, peak, duration

IM Onset: 5-10 minutes IM Peak: 30-45 minutes IM Duration: 60-90min IN Onset: 10-13 min IN Peak: 90 min IN Duration: 60-90 min

Rapidly degraded by the liver, kidneys and in plasma. Destroyed by the GI tract if accidentally ingested (First pass Effect). Half-life is 3 – 6 minutes in plasma

Excessive parenteral administration of glucagon can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Ingestion of glucagon is unlikely to result in symptoms as it is rapidly broken down in the gastrointestinal tract.

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DM-Glucagon

Question	Answer
Class	Insulin antagonist, Anti-hypoglycemic
Action	Glucagon is a pancreatic hormone that, together with insulin, helps to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Glucagon acts on liver glycogen, converting it to glucose (glycogenolysis). This causes a temporary increase in blood glucose levels.
Indications	Known or suspected hypoglycemia
Contraindications	(HIPP) Hypersensitivity, Insulinoma(Pancreas Tumor), Pediatric(Under 4 yrs), Pheochromocytoma(adrenal gland tumor)
Cautions	None.
Side affects	Nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure
Dosage	IM: 1 mg, IN: 3 mg IN, administered into one nostril (Pre formulated device)
Pediatric Considerations and Dosing	IM 1 mg IN administration for children over 4: 3 mg administered as one actuation of the intranasal device into one nostril
Onset, peak, duration	IM Onset: 5-10 minutes IM Peak: 30-45 minutes IM Duration: 60-90min IN Onset: 10-13 min IN Peak: 90 min IN Duration: 60-90 min
Elimination	Rapidly degraded by the liver, kidneys and in plasma. Destroyed by the GI tract if accidentally ingested (First pass Effect). Half-life is 3 – 6 minutes in plasma
Iatrogenic Overdose	Excessive parenteral administration of glucagon can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Ingestion of glucagon is unlikely to result in symptoms as it is rapidly broken down in the gastrointestinal tract.

Created by: Levelstorm3950

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