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Wrld H. Final

QuestionAnswer
Who had their own land and property weren't slaves and could not be sold? Vassals
Who produced everything that the manner needed peasants
Who were at the head of the feudal society but had limited power? Lords
Who did Monarchs rely on for military support knights
What was the name of the warriors who were trained to be ready for battle? page
At what age did the process to become a knight begin? 7
At 14 what did a page become? squire
what were the responsibility's of a squire? take care of the horse and armor
At age 21 what did the squire become? Knight
What was the ceremony called that made a squire into a knight? Dubbing
What was the knight's code of honor Chivalry
Who were wandering poets who wrote love songs praising women? Troubadours
What was the original body armor for knights with many metal rings linked together? Chain mail
What type of armor did knights were as weapons got stronger Plate armor
3 weapons of the Medieval age Shield Crossbow , mace
What became the most powerful force in Europe? Medieval Church
Who was the spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Pope
Pope Head of the Roman Catholic Church
Priest Church official most people interacted with
Monk Religious man living in a monastery
Monastery Place where monks live and study
Canon Law Laws of the Church
Excommunicated Formally removed from the Church
Heresy Belief rejected by Church doctrine
Pope Urban II called for the Crusades.
Pope Gregory VII: ○ Expanded Church reforms ○ Excommunicated Henry IV ○ Later forgave him
Feudalism A system of obligations between kings, nobles, and knights.
Fief Land granted to a vassal
Vassal Person who served a lord
Manor Lord’s estate
Manorialism Economic system where peasants worked land for protection
Peasants Largest social class
Knights Knights provided military service and protection to lords.
Chivalry Code of conduct for knights
Armor Chainmail Armor plate
What Were the Crusades? Military expeditions by Christians to capture the Holy Land from Muslims.
What was the main goal of the crusades? Take Jerusalem from Muslim control.
Who fought during the crusade wars? Christians vs. Muslims
Why Jerusalem Was Important? Jerusalem was a holy city for: Jew, Muslims and Christians
Magna Carta Document signed by King John that: Limited the king’s power, Protected rights
Hundred Years’ War War between England and France Lasted from 1337–1453
The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) A deadly epidemic spread by fleas on rats.
Crusades Christian military campaigns for Holy Land
Feudalism System of obligations between classes
Chivalry Knightly code of honor
Joust Knight competition using lances
Guild Association of craftsmen
Antisemitism Discrimination against Jews
Pilgrimage Religious journey
Secular Worldly/non-religious
Relic Sacred object from the past
Great Schism The split between the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church was called the:
Justinian Built the Hagia Sophia, the famous church in Constantinople.
Hagia Sophia Center of Eastern Orthodox Christianity Later turned into a mosque by the Ottoman Empire
Fall of the Byzantine Empire Constantinople was conquered in 1453 by the Ottoman Turks led by Mehmed II.
Russia & the Mongols Vikings called the Rus helped found Russia. The Rus gave Russia its name. Important early city: Kiev Russian rivers connected Russia to the Byzantine Empire
Religion in Russia Prince Vladimir converted Russia to Christianity. Russia adopted Eastern Orthodox Christianity from Byzantium.
Mongol Rule in Russia Forced Russians to pay tribute/taxes Demanded obedience Isolated Russia from Western Europe
Ivan III (Ivan the Great) Ended Mongol rule Took the title of czar (Russian emperor
Peter the Great Wanted to modernize and westernize Russia
Mongol Empire Founded by Genghis Khan. Largest unified land empire in history. Stretched across Europe and Asia
Mongol Strengths Excellent horsemen and warriors. Horses were extremely important in Mongol culture
Genghis Khan Universal Ruler
Mongol Rule Allowed religious freedom Expected tribute and obedience, Were tolerant during peace time
The Mongols made the Silk Road Safer More active for trade and travel
Maya Civilization Location Lived in present-day Mexico Located in the Yucatán Peninsula
Maya Civilization Government Organized into city-states.
Maya Civilization Achievements Developed the only known written language in the ancient Americas. Writing system used glyphs/hieroglyphics
Maya Civilization Religion Polytheistic (many gods).
Aztec Civilization Location Located in central Mexico.
Aztec Civilization Farming Because land was limited, the Aztecs built: Chinampas (floating gardens)
Aztec Civilization Government & Society Conquered peoples had to pay tribute to the emperor.
Aztec Civilization Religion Polytheistic, Practiced human sacrifice to honor gods and ensure crops grew and the sun rose
Inca Civilization location Located in the Andes Mountains of South America
Inca Civilization Farming Used terrace farming in the mountains.
Government & Transportation Built an advanced road system Used messengers to manage the empire, Built bridges across mountains
Machu Picchu Mountain city where the Inca ruler lived.
Inca Civilization Religion Main god: Inti, the sun god. Polytheistic religion
Czar Russian emperor
Tribute Tax/payment to a ruler
Polytheism Belief in many gods
Great Schism Split between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches
Silk Road Trade route connecting Europe and Asia
Chinampas Floating gardens used by Aztecs
Terrace Farming Farming on mountain steps
Patriarch Head of Byzantine Church
Glyphs Mayan symbols/writing
Orthodox Christianity Christianity practiced in Byzantine Empire
Genghis Khan Founded Mongol Empire
Justinian Byzantine emperor; built Hagia Sophia
Mehmed II Ottoman ruler who conquered Constantinople
Prince Vladimir Converted Russia to Christianity
Ivan III Ended Mongol rule in Russia
Peter the Great Westernized Russia
Mongol Strengths Excellent horsemen and warriors. Horses were extremely important in Mongol culture
Genghis Khan Name means “Universal Ruler
Mongol Rule Allowed religious freedom, Expected tribute and obedience Were tolerant during peace time
Silk Road The Mongols made the Silk Road: Safer, More active for trade and travel
Created by: briannacrosby61
 

 



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