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LC 5/13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Massive Retaliation | Military doctrine adopted in the 1950s, where the United States promised to respond to any attack on itself or Allies with massive force/nuclear weapons. |
| SCLC | Black civil rights organization founded in 1957 by Martin Luther King, It, and other clergy. |
| Viet Cong | A communist political organization and guerilla force that actively fought against the United States and the Southern Vietnam governments. |
| Southern Manifesto | Document signed by 101 members of Congress from southern states in 1965 that argued the Supreme Court' s decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka itself contradicted the Constitution |
| New Frontier | John F. Kennedy's domestic and foreign policy initiatives, designed to reinvigorate a sense of national purpose and energy. |
| Counterculture | alternatives to mainstream |
| Alliance for Progress | Program of economic aid to Latin America during the Kennedy administration. |
| Stonewall Rebellion | On June 27, 1969, patrons fought back when police raided the gay Stonewall Inn in New York; the name refers to that event and to the increase in militancy by gay Americans that it symbolizes |
| Berlin Wall | Wall erected by East Germany in 1961 that isolated West Berlin from the surrounding areas in Communist-controlled East Berlin and East Germany. |
| Black Panthers | Political and social movement among black Americans, founded in Oakland, California, in 1966 and emphasizing black economic and political power. |
| War on Poverty | set of programs introduced by Lyndon Johnson between 1963 and 1966 designed to break the cycle of poverty by providing funds for job training, community development, nutrition, and supplementary education. |
| Search and Destroy | U.S. military tactic in South Vietnam, using small detachments to locate enemy units and then massive air, artillery, and ground foes to destroy them. |
| Bay of Pigs | Site in Cuba of an unsuccessful landing by 1,400 anti-Castro Cuban refugees in April 1961. |
| Nation of Islam | Religious movement among black Americans that emphasizes self-sufficiency, self-help. and separation from white society |
| Limited Test Ban Treaty | signed by the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, outlawing nuclear testing in the atmosphere, in outer space, and under water. |
| Selective Service System | Federal agency that coordinated military conscription before and during the Vietnam war |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | Request to Congress from President Lyndon Johnson in response to North Vietnamese torpedo boat attacks in which he sought authorization for "all necessary measures" to protect American forces and stop further aggression. |
| American Indian Movement (AIM) | Group of Native American political activists who used confrontations |
| Medicaid Supplementary | medical insurance for the poor, financed through the federal government: program created in 1965. |
| Pentagon Papers | Classified Defense Department documents on the history of the U.S. involvement in Vietnam, prepared in 1968 and leaked to the press in 1971. |
| Medicare Basic | medical insurance for the elderly, financed through the federal government; program created in 1965. |
| Watergate | A complex scandal involving attempts to cover up illegal actions taken by administration officials and leading to the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974. |
| Great Society | Theme of Lyndon B. Johnson's administration, focusing on poverty, education, and civil rights. |
| Deindustrialization | The process of economic change involving the disappearance of outmoded industries and the transfer of factories to new low-wage locations, with devastating effects in the Northeast and Midwest, especially in the 1970s and 1980%. |
| Freedom Summer | Voter-registration effort in rural Mississippi organized by black and white civil rights workers in 1964. |
| OPEC | Cartel of oil-producing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America that gained substantial power over the world economy in mid-late 1970s by controlling the production and price of oil. (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries). |
| SNCC | Black civil rights organization founded in 1960 and drawing heavily on younger activists and college students. |
| Détente | French word for “easing of tension”. Used to describe the new US relations with China and the Soviet Union in 1972. |
| CORE | Congress of Racial Equality, Civil rights group formed in 1942 and committed to nonviolent civil disobedience. |
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