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electricity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One coulomb is equal to _________ | 6.25 × 10^18 electrons |
| example of conduction | restarting heart, Electroscope |
| example of Friction | Balloon Against Hair, Socks Against Carpet |
| example of Induction | Lightning, X-ray tube |
| 5 Principles of Electrostatics | Repel & Attract Coulomb’s Law Distribution Concentration Movement |
| Repel & Attract definition | Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. |
| Coulomb’s Law definition | The electrostatic force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of their pole strengths and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them |
| Distribution Principal definition | Electric charges reside on the EXTERNAL surface of SOLID conductors. Electrons move away from each other |
| Concentration Principle definition | The concentration of charges on a curved surface of a conductor is greatest where the curvature is greatest. Electrons concentrate on the sharpest curve & roughest surface |
| Movement Principal definition | Negative charges move along solid conductors. Electrons move from areas of highest to lowest concentration. |
| side of anode | left |
| side of cathode | right |
| charge of cathode | negative |
| charge of anode | positive |
| anode has ____ intensity and ______ penetration | lower, less |
| cathode has ____ intensity and ______ penetration | higher, greater |
| electron flow (actual) | Cathode → Anode (right →left) |
| Conventional Current | Anode → Cathode (left →right) |
| electrodynamics | The study of moving electric charges |
| types of objects electron movement occur in (4) | Vacuum, Neon Gas, Ionic Solutions, Metals |
| example of neon gas | Advertising signs |
| example of ionic solutions | Perrier; Tea; Lemonade; Sodium Thiosulphate |
| best conductor | gold, Au |
| most commonly used conductor | copper, Cu |
| types of conductors (5) | Au; Ag; Cu; Al; H2O |
| types of Insulators (3) | Plastic; Rubber; Glass |
| types of Semiconductors (2) | Silicon & Germanium |
| types of Superconductors (2) | Niobium & Titanium in MRI units |
| 4 basic factors that describe electron flow | Direction of electron travel, Quantity of electrons flowing, Force (strength) of electron travel, Opposition to current flow |
| direct current (DC) definition | Electrons flow in only one direction. Waveform begins at zero and moves to its maximum potential at its peak |
| alternating current (AC) definition | Electrons flow first in one direction (the first half of the cycle), and then in the other direction (the second half of the cycle) |
| Waveform represented by a ________ wave | sinusoidal |
| U.S. utilizes ____ Hz AC | 60 |
| one ampere is equal to | one coulomb per second |
| Volt (V) definition | Unit of electric potential |
| resistance definition | opposes current flow |
| Four factors that affect the resistance of a conductor: | The material used, Length, Cross-sectional diameter, Temperature |
| longer tube results in _____ resistance and ______electrons | greater; slower |
| shorter tube results in _____ resistance and ______electrons | less; faster |
| length is _______ proportional to resistance | directly |
| diameter is _______ proportional to resistance | inversely |
| narrower the tube results in ______ resistance | greater |
| higher heat results in _______ resistance | less |
| charging by friction involves _______ ______ | electron transfer |
| 110 V | Electric power sources in United States |
| 220 V | X-ray machine requirement Volts |
| Watts definition | unit of electric power |
| 500 – 1500 W | range of household appliances |
| 20 to 150 kW | x-ray machine requirement Watts |
| Series Circuit | all circuit elements are connected in a line, one after another |
| two types of electric circuits | series and parallel |
| Parallel Circuit | each element has an individual branch |
| parallel circuit current ________, resistance _______, voltage ______ | increases, decreases, stays the same |
| series circuit current ______, resistance _______, voltage ______ | stays the same, increase, increases |
| Lower voltages and electricity not interrupted when one element fails for series or parallel series? | parallel |
| Fuse |
Created by:
katorn