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USII.7 The Cold War

The Cold War and the Transformation of U.S. Foreign Policy

TermDefinition
Cold War A period of tension and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II without direct large-scale fighting between them.
Superpower A very powerful nation with strong military, political, and economic influence around the world.
Communism A system in which the government controls property and businesses, and citizens have limited personal freedoms.
Democracy A form of government where citizens vote and participate in choosing leaders and laws.
Capitalism An economic system where people and businesses privately own property and businesses for profit.
Soviet Union (USSR) A communist country led by Russia that competed with the United States during the Cold War.
Containment The U.S. policy of stopping the spread of communism to other countries.
Atlantic Charter An agreement between the United States and Great Britain during WWII that supported freedom and international cooperation.
United Nations An international organization created after WWII to promote peace and cooperation between nations.
NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance of democratic nations formed to protect each other from attack.
Marshall Plan A U.S. program that provided money to help rebuild Europe after WWII and prevent the spread of communism.
Berlin Airlift A U.S. and Allied effort to fly supplies into West Berlin after the Soviet Union blocked roads and railways.
Iron Curtain A term used to describe the division between communist Eastern Europe and democratic Western Europe.
Arms Race Competition between nations to build more and stronger weapons.
Nuclear Weapons Extremely powerful weapons that use nuclear reactions to create massive explosions.
Space Race Competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve success in space exploration.
Sputnik The first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957.
Cuban Missile Crisis A 1962 confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.
John F. Kennedy (JFK) U.S. president during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Nikita Khrushchev Leader of the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Korean War A war from 1950–1953 in which the United States supported South Korea against communist North Korea.
Vietnam War A conflict where the United States fought to stop the spread of communism in Vietnam.
Domino Theory The belief that if one country became communist, nearby countries would also become communist.
Berlin Wall A wall built in 1961 that separated communist East Berlin from democratic West Berlin.
Free Enterprise An economic system where businesses are privately owned and competition is encouraged.
Collective Farming Farms owned and operated by the government in communist countries.
Demilitarization Reducing or removing military forces and weapons.
Sphere of Influence An area where one country has strong political or economic control.
Truman Doctrine A U.S. policy promising support to countries resisting communism.
Created by: user-1808225
 

 



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