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bio final exam
bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the domains that contain prokaryotes? | Archaea and Bacteria |
| The openings in the exoskeleton of arthropods that allow oxygen into highley branched internal tubules that reach individual body cells are called | tracheae |
| Fungi are classified into how many phyla? and what is it based on? | 5 and their reproductive/sexual structures |
| A type of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes, in which a cell receives bacterial DNA from a bacteriophage is called? | Transduction |
| What is true for a gram-positive and not a gram-negative? | Its cell wall is made of a thick layer of peptidoglycan. |
| In angiosperm, double fertilization results in what? | In a diploid zygote and triploid endosperm. |
| Concentrated sensory organs and brain at the head end of an animal? | Cephilization |
| Flowers and fruits are unique to? | Angiosperms |
| The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the digestive tract, and organs derived from the digestive tract is the? | Endoderm |
| In mammals, the contraction of the muscular _____ expands the chest, pulling air into the lungs. | Diaphragm |
| What are the largest vessels of the circulatory system that carry blood away from the heart? | Arteries |
| What is the relative thickness of vessel walls from greatest to least? | artery, vein, capillary. (true) |
| The central dogma in biology refers to? | the flow of genetic information in cells, from a gene squence in DNA to a specific protein. |
| The process used by cells to convert mRNA "message" into a sequence of amino acids is? | translation |
| In eurkaryotic cells, if you compared the DNA sequence with the sequence of the processed mRNA that was transcribed from the gene you would find what? | the mRNA is shorter because it does not contain introns. |
| Mating and horse and a donkey produces a mule, which is always sterile. This is an example of which reproductive barrier? | postzygotic |
| The North American bison was hunted to near extinction. It has recovered but with less genetic diversity. This is an example of? | The bottleneck effect |
| What has a backbone and 2 chambered hearts? | a fish |
| What is a lichen made up of? | A fungus and either a green algae or cyanobacteria. |
| The observation that most aquatic vertebrates have streamlined bodies and fins or flippers for steering are a result of what? | convergent evolution. |
| At Hardy-Weinberg Equillibruim | allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next and therefore evolution does not occur. |
| The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relativly brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is called? | punctuated equilibrium. |
| The forelimb of a bat and the forelimb of a bird have the same set of bones. These bones are examples of what kind of structure? | Homologous |
| What is not likely to be preserved as a fossil? | an organ like an eye or lung. |
| What is a blastula? | a sphere embryotic cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity. |
| What can happen if you have emphysema? | decreased oxygen uptake. |
| What is a Chlamydomonas? | a green algae |
| An animal avoids a food that has previously made it sick. This is exhibiting what? | operant conditioning |
| The bottleneck effect and the founder effect always result in what? | genetic drift |
| The french taxonomist who proposed the first testable evolutionary theory that organisms using body parts repeatedly would increase their abilities was? | Jean Baptiste de Lamarak |
| A gradual change in an organism, from ancestral type was referred to by Darwin as? | decent with modifications |
| What is considered adaptive evolution? | Natural Selection |
| Which part of the equation do you have if you know 49% of a population is homozygous for dominant allele? | p2 |
| What is an example of a primary producer? | fungus |
| How might the nitrogen cycle change if nitrogen-fixing bacteria and archaea went extinct? | almost all nitrogen would be trapped in the atmosphere. |
| As humans migrated out of africa and towards Northern Europe, reduced exposure to ultra violet radiation selected for lighter skin color. What type of natural selection does this example illistrate? | Directional Selection |
| Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sand. When the sea turtle eggs hatch, they migrate to the water without any assistance from the parent. What is shown? | Innate behavior |
| In population the difference between the birthrate and the deathrate is the? | per capita rate of increase. |
| An organisms contribution to the next generations gene pool. | fitness. |
| a group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and all of its descendants also known as a clade. | a monophyletic |
| Are lizards and mammals more closely related than lizards and birds. | no |
| Which part of the plant structures is not a vegetation part of the plant? | the stigma |
Created by:
demersthebiatch