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Ancient Greece
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Polis | A Greek city-state; the basic political unit of Greek civilization |
| Acropolis | A hilltop fort at the center of a Greek city-state; temples were built here |
| Agora | An open marketplace and gathering place in a Greek city-state |
| Phalanx | A military formation in which rows of soldiers marched forward shoulder to shoulder with shields raised |
| Helots | Enslaved laborers used by the Spartans, captured from neighboring city-states |
| Tyrant | Someone who seizes power and rules with total authority |
| Oligarchy | A government in which a few wealthy people hold power over the larger group |
| Oracle | A sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god |
| Fable | A short tale that teaches a lesson, often using animals as characters |
| Socratic method | A teaching method using pointed questions to help students find answers for themselves |
| Philosophy | The "love of wisdom"; a body of knowledge developed by Greek thinkers |
| Hoplites | Citizen soldiers who fought on foot with round shields, short swords, and spears |