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Mod 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fire | is a chemical reaction between a flammable or combustible material and oxygen. This process converts the flammable or combustible materials and oxygen into energy. |
| Fuel | any material that will burn is classified as ___ |
| Flammable substance | is subtance having a flashpoint below 100 degree farenheit and vapor pressure not exceeding 20 psia |
| Combustible substance | is a substance having a flashpoint at or above 100 degree farenheit |
| Flashpoint | the lowest temperature at which fuel begins to give off flammable vapors and form an ignitable mixture in air |
| Oxygen | from our definition of fire, we need ___ which combines with fuel while burning. |
| Heat | completes the chemistry of fire |
| Class A | are those fueld by materials that when they burn, leave a residue in the form of ash such as paper, wood, cloth, and rubber |
| Class B | involve flammable liquids and gasses such as gasoline, paint, thinner, kitchen grease |
| Class C | fires that involve energized electrical wiring or equipment |
| Class D | involve combustible metals such as magnesium, sodium, titanium, and certain organometallic compounds |
| Class K | fire that involves combustible cooking fuels such as vegetable or animal oils and fats |
| Ignition stage | the point at which the four elements in the fire tetrahedron come together, materials reach their ignition temperatures and a fire has started |
| Growth stage | fire begins to grow, other combustibles heat up, liberate flammable gases, and ignite, spreading the chain reaction |
| Fully developed stage | this stage is recognized as the point at which all the contents within the perimeter of the fire's boundaries are burning |
| Decay stage | when the point at which all the fuels have been consumed, the fire will begin to diminish in size |
| Conduction | heat transfer to another body or within a body by direct contact |
| Convection | the transfer of heat through a circulating medium such as hot air and gases |
| Radiation | the transfer of heat by the emission and propagation of heat energy in the form of rays or waves |
| Electricity | hazards of ___ involve electrocution and fire. Usually, fire is caused by overheating, arcs, and sparks |
| Mechanical heat | heated surfaces on furnaces, flues, heating devices, and light bulbs can cause fires if flammable or combustible materials are close enough to absorb sufficient heat to cause combustion |
| Friction sparks | friction generates heat. excessive heat generated by friction causes a very high percentage of industrial fires |
| Open flames | carelessly discarded cigarettes, pipe embers, and cigars are a major source of fire. |
| Spontaneous heat | spontaneous ignition results from a chemical reaction where there is a slow generation of heat from oxidation of organic compounds |
| Welding and cutting sparks | hazardous sparks such as globules of molten, burning metal or hot salg are produced by both welding and cutting operations |
| Static electricity | is electricity at rest. it is formed by the contact and separation of dissimilar materials |
| Highly flammable or combustible materials | take care that the following materials are not stored with machinery or near any type of electrical or heat source |
| Accelerants | are substances that increae the speed at which a fire spreads |
| Ignition sources | is something that can cause an accelerant or flammable material to ignite or smolder |
| Conduction | is the transfer of heat from molecule to molecule. |
| Convection | the sprad of fire caused by movement of heated gasses produced by any burning material or by heated air rising to the upper limits of the space in which it is contained |
| Radiation | is the transfer of heat in straight rays |
| Barriers | are one means of control that will limit the area of a fire or at least retard its spread |
| Portable extinguishers | are also called first-aid extinguishers since they are intended to be used for incipient fires |
| Inspection | a quick check that visually determines whether the fire extinguisher is properly placed and will operate |
| Maintenance | as distinguished from inspection means a complete and thorough examination of each extinguisher |
| Hot work | is any work using open flames or sources of heat that could ignite materials in the work |
| Rule 1100.01 (Gas and Electric Wielding and Cutting Operations) | authorization, before welding and cutting operations are allowed in large establishments, the area shall be inspected by the safetyman |
| Section 10.4.17.1 (Fire Safety Clearance for Hotworks Operation) | a fire safety clearance shall be secured from city/municipal fire marshal having jurisdiction prior to any ho work operations |
| Section 10.4.17.2 | (Locational Safety Requirements) |
| Fire Detection and Alarm System | a complete protective signaling and control system including fire detetion, alarm and communication |
| Smoke detectors | an alarm device that monitors continuously the air condition for the presence of smoke |
| Fixed-temperature type | respons when the detection element reaches a predetermined temperature |
| Rate-of-rise type | responds to an increase in heat at a rate greater than some predetermined values |
| Removing fuel | taking away fuel from a fire is difficult and often times dangerous |
| Removing oxygen | oxygen cannot be eliminated completely |
| Removing heat | if we reduce the heat below the kindling point or flashpoint, we stop the release of combustible vapors and gases and extinguish the fire |
| Interrupting the chain reaction | in order for fire to propagate continuously, there must be uninhibited and continuous chain reaction |
| Rule No. 1994.05 (General Requirement | Portable Extinguisher) |
| Rule 19.48.02 (Fire Brigade Concept and Organization) | every place of employment depending on the magnitude of potential fires and the availability of assistance from the public department shall organize a fire brigade to deal with fires and other related emergencies |
| Rule 1948.03 | to familiarize, train, and rehearse occupants with evacuation procedures so that order and control is maintained in an actual emergency |
| Rule 1943.03 | at least two ways out that is clear, unobstructed, and well illuminated |
Created by:
romulols